An experimental, observational investigation of children's responses to peer provocation: developmental and gender differences in middle childhood.
An experimental, observational investigation of children's responses to peer provocation: developmental and gender differences in middle childhood.
复制标题
对儿童对同伴挑衅反应的实验观察性调查：童年中期的发育和性别差异。
DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00104
复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mosley,JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Underwood,MK;Hurley,JC;Johanson,CA;Mosley,JE
这项研究的主要目标是使用实验观察方法来研究童年中期愤怒表达的发展。在实验室游戏过程中观察了 8 岁、10 岁和 12 岁的女孩和男孩（N = 382），该游戏有两方面的刺激：参与者输掉了他们为获得理想奖品而玩的电脑游戏，而他们的游戏伙伴是一位同龄、同性别的同盟演员，并嘲笑他们。孩子们对刺激性游戏的反应 ——“面部表情、言语和手势”——被可靠地编码。总体而言，这些年龄段的孩子保持了相当程度的镇静。女孩比男孩发表的负面评论更少，负面姿态也更少。年龄较大的孩子会保持更中性的面部表情，做出更少的手势，并且在被激怒时更有可能保持沉默。当他们说话时，年龄较大的孩子对游戏的负面评论更少，对自己或演员的正面评论也更少。
The primary goal of this research was to use an experimental, observational method to study the development of anger expression during middle childhood. Eight‐, 10‐, and 12‐year‐old girls and boys (N= 382) were observed during a laboratory play session that was provoking in two ways: Participants lost a computer game they were playing for a desirable prize, and their play partner was a same‐age, same‐gender confederate actor who taunted them. Children's responses to the provoking play sessions — facial expressions, verbalizations, and gestures — were reliably coded. Overall, children in these age groups maintained a remarkable degree of composure. Girls made fewer negative comments than boys did, and fewer negative gestures. Older children maintained more neutral facial expressions, made fewer gestures, and were more likely to remain silent when provoked. When they spoke, older children made fewer negative comments, fewer remarks about the game, and fewer positive comments about themselves or the actor.