Analysis of tannins in seeds and skins of Shiraz grapes throughout berry development
Analysis of tannins in seeds and skins of Shiraz grapes throughout berry development
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-0238.2003.tb00228.x
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Robinson, SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Downey, MO;Harvey, JS;Robinson, SP
研究了葡萄属葡萄籽和皮中黄烷-3-醇和原花青素的组成。CV.设拉子葡萄经丙酮提取后，在过量间苯三酚的存在下进行酸催化，用反相高效液相色谱法测定。从坐果到商业收获，每周取样一次。葡萄籽中原花色素积累的主要时期发生在坐果后，最高水平观察veraison左右。在两个季节有变化的时间和含量的种子中的原花青素。在果皮中，原花色素积累发生在坐果后1-2周。原花色素亚基组成是不同的种子和皮肤，并在浆果发育过程中发生变化，但单宁聚合物在皮肤的平均聚合度高于种子在浆果发育的各个阶段。原花青素水平在种子和皮肤之间的veraison和收获下降。当丙酮提取后剩余的残留物在间苯三酚的存在下进行直接酸催化时，释放额外的原花青素亚基。在种子中，这些占了大部分的后veraison减少，但不是在葡萄皮。在收获时，75%的可提取浆果原花青素在种子中。原花青素在种子中的积累似乎是独立的，在皮肤，但在这两个组织的合成发生在浆果发育的早期和最大水平达到veraison。
The flavan-3-ol and proanthocyanidin composition of both seeds and skin of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz grapes was determined by reversed-phase HPLC after acetone extraction and acid-catalysis in the presence of excess phloroglucinol. Samples were taken at weekly intervals from fruit-set until commercial harvest. The main period of proanthocyanidin accumulation in grape seeds occurred immediately after fruit-set with maximum levels observed around veraison. Over two seasons there was variation in both the timing and content of proanthocyanidins in seeds. in skin, proanthocyanidin accumulation occurred from fruit set until 1-2 weeks after veraison. Proanthocyanidin subunit composition was different in seeds and skin and changed during berry development but the mean degree of polymerisation of the tannin polymers in skins was higher than in the seeds at all stages of berry development. Proanthocyanidin levels in both seeds and skin decreased between veraison and harvest. Additional proanthocyanidin subunits were released when the residues remaining after acetone extraction were subjected to direct acid catalysis in the presence of phloroglucinol. In the seeds, these accounted for much of the post-veraison decrease, but not in grape skin. At harvest, 75% of extractable berry proanthocyanidin was in the seeds. Accumulation of proanthocyanidins in the seeds appears to be independent of that in the skins, but in both tissues synthesis occurs early in berry development and maximum levels are reached around veraison.