Basal Ganglia Volume Is Associated with Aerobic Fitness in Preadolescent Children
Basal Ganglia Volume Is Associated with Aerobic Fitness in Preadolescent Children
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DOI：
10.1159/000316648
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kramer, Arthur F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chaddock, Laura;Erickson, Kirk I.;Kramer, Arthur F.
本研究首次探讨了儿童有氧适能与基底神经节结构和功能之间的关系。啮齿动物研究表明，运动通过增加多巴胺信号和血管生成来影响纹状体。在儿童中，较高的有氧健康水平与更大的海马体体积、在注意力和干扰控制任务上的优异表现以及执行功能的事件相关脑电位指数升高有关。本研究使用磁共振成像来调查9岁和10岁的儿童是否表现出其他皮质下脑区，特别是涉及注意力控制的基底神经节的不同体积。有氧适能、背侧纹状体和腹侧纹状体体积与注意和抑制埃里克森侧卫任务表现之间的关系也被检验。结果表明，高适应儿童的侧卫任务表现优于低适应儿童。健康程度高的儿童也表现出更大的背纹状体体积，背纹状体体积与行为干扰呈负相关。这些结果支持了背纹状体参与认知控制和反应解决的说法，这些认知过程随着有氧适应性的变化而变化。有氧适能、腹侧纹状体的体积和侧翼运动员的表现之间没有关系。研究结果表明，儿童时期有氧适应性的提高与背纹状体体积的增加有关，这与认知控制能力的增强有关。由于儿童正变得越来越超重、不健康和不适合，了解儿童时期积极生活方式对神经认知的好处具有重要的公共卫生和教育意义。版权所有：S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
The present investigation is the first to explore the association between childhood aerobic fitness and basal ganglia structure and function. Rodent research has revealed that exercise influences the striatum by increasing dopamine signaling and angiogenesis. In children, higher aerobic fitness levels are associated with greater hippocampal volumes, superior performance on tasks of attentional and interference control, and elevated event-related brain potential indices of executive function. The present study used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate if higher-fit and lower-fit 9- and 10-year-old children exhibited differential volumes of other subcortical brain regions, specifically the basal ganglia involved in attentional control. The relationship between aerobic fitness, dorsal and ventral striatum volumes and performance on an attention and inhibition Eriksen flanker task was also examined. The results indicated that higher-fit children showed superior flanker task performance compared to lower-fit children. Higher-fit children also showed greater volumes of the dorsal striatum, and dorsal striatum volume was negatively associated with behavioral interference. The results support the claim that the dorsal striatum is involved in cognitive control and response resolution and that these cognitive processes vary as a function of aerobic fitness. No relationship was found between aerobic fitness, the volume of the ventral striatum and flanker performance. The findings suggest that increased childhood aerobic fitness is associated with greater dorsal striatal volumes and that this is related to enhanced cognitive control. Because children are becoming increasingly overweight, unhealthy and unfit, understanding the neurocognitive benefits of an active lifestyle during childhood has important public health and educational implications. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel