Proteins and Carbohydrates from Red Seaweeds: Evidence for Beneficial Effects on Gut Function and Microbiota.
Proteins and Carbohydrates from Red Seaweeds: Evidence for Beneficial Effects on Gut Function and Microbiota.
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DOI：
10.3390/md13085358
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发表时间：
2015-08-20
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Martínez-Augustin O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cian RE;Drago SR;de Medina FS;Martínez-Augustin O
基于其组成，海藻，即红藻，是很好的潜在功能性食品。肠粘膜屏障功能是指肠提供足够的容纳腔微生物和分子的能力。在这里，我们将首先概述海藻的成分，并将总结这些对粘膜屏障功能的调节作用。将特别注意红海藻的独特成分：蛋白质和衍生肽（例如，藻胆蛋白，含有“纤维素结合结构域”的糖蛋白，藻凝集素和相关的类菌孢素氨基酸）与多糖（例如，Floridean淀粉和硫酸化半乳聚糖，例如角叉菜胶、琼脂糖和“DL-杂合物”）和矿物质。这些化合物已显示出发挥益生元效应，调节肠上皮细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞增殖和分化，并调节免疫应答。肽和多糖的分子作用机制开始被阐明，并且还将总结表明表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）、胰岛素样生长因子受体（IGFR）、Toll样受体（TLR）以及由蛋白激酶B（PKB或AKT）、核因子-κB（NF-κB）和促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）介导的信号转导途径参与的证据。进一步研究的必要性是明确的，但体内实验表明，这些藻类的整体抑制作用，表明它们可以增强膜屏障功能。
Based on their composition, marine algae, and namely red seaweeds, are good potential functional foods. Intestinal mucosal barrier function refers to the capacity of the intestine to provide adequate containment of luminal microorganisms and molecules. Here, we will first outline the component of seaweeds and will summarize the effects of these on the regulation of mucosal barrier function. Special attention will be paid to unique components of red seaweeds: proteins and derived peptides (e.g., phycobiliproteins, glycoproteins that contain “cellulose binding domains”, phycolectins and the related mycosporine-like amino acids) together with polysaccharides (e.g., floridean starch and sulfated galactans, such as carrageenans, agarans and “dl-hybrid”) and minerals. These compounds have been shown to exert prebiotic effects, to regulate intestinal epithelial cell, macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation and to modulate the immune response. Molecular mechanisms of action of peptides and polysaccharides are starting to be elucidated, and evidence indicating the involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR), Toll-like receptors (TLR) and signal transduction pathways mediated by protein kinase B (PKB or AKT), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) will also be summarized. The need for further research is clear, but in vivo experiments point to an overall antiinflammatory effect of these algae, indicating that they can reinforce membrane barrier function.