Who are Pioneers of Disaster Preparedness? - Insights from Rainwater Harvesting Dissemination in Bangladesh
Who are Pioneers of Disaster Preparedness? - Insights from Rainwater Harvesting Dissemination in Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1007/s00267-018-1071-0
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Tatano, Hirokazu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Samaddar, Subhajyoti;Okada, Norio;Tatano, Hirokazu
本研究探讨了在孟加拉国沿海受砷和水盐度影响的社区中，雨水收集技术传播过程中的先驱者或早期采用者的作用。长期以来，人们一直提倡传播这种创新技术，以建立具有抗灾能力的社区，但除了局限于分析防灾准备的认知因素的启发式研究外，如何传播这些创新很少得到解决。我们认为，识别和表征先锋采用者对于促进创新的防灾技术至关重要。因为先驱者在只有有限的创新信息可用的时候承担采用的风险，并且基于他们的第一手经验，其他成员可以做出谨慎的采用决定。通过使用社会网络阈值模型，我们表明，正如在宏观或区域层面上有采用者一样，在微观或地方层面上也有采用者，他们扮演着最关键的角色，作为在人群中传播防灾技术的催化剂。我们还认为，与收入、风险意识和其他个人特征相比，世界性和教育水平更能体现拓荒者的特征。本文还讨论了与研究结果相关的一些政策选择。
This study deals with the roles of pioneers or early adopters in a rainwater harvesting technology dissemination process in arsenic and water salinity affected communities in coastal Bangladesh. The dissemination of such innovative technologies has long been advocated for making disaster resilient communities, but how to disseminate these innovations has rarely been addressed, except heuristic studies limited to analyzing the cognitive factors of preparedness. We argue that identifying and characterizing pioneer adopters is critical to promote innovative disaster preventive technologies. Because pioneers take the risk to adopt at a time when only limited information of the innovation is available, and, based on their firsthand experience, other members can make prudent adoption decisions. By using the social network threshold model, we show that just as there are adopters at the macro or regional level, there are adopters at the micro or local level, and they have the most critical roles, as catalysts to disseminate disaster preventive technologies among the population. We also argue that cosmopolitaness and level of education characterize the pioneers better, rather than their income, risk awareness, and other personal features. Some policy options related to the findings are also discussed.