LIPID-COMPOSITION AND FLUIDITY OF THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
LIPID-COMPOSITION AND FLUIDITY OF THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.85.3.900
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发表时间：
1988-02-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
GORDON, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ALOIA, RC;JENSEN, FC;GORDON, LM
在Hut 78细胞中繁殖的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的脂质分析表明，总脂质/蛋白质比较低，胆固醇/磷脂摩尔比较高，主要磷脂由磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、鞘磷脂和磷脂酰丝氨酸组成;人类红细胞和其他RNA病毒的脂质谱相当。用5-硝基氧硬脂酸酯（酮硬脂酸酯的N-氧基-4 ″，4 ″-二甲基恶唑烷衍生物）标记的HIV的电子自旋共振（ESR）研究显示在37 ℃下低“流动性”，类似于其它包膜RNA病毒和红细胞，并且可能是由于高胆固醇/磷脂比。乙醇（50%）完全破坏包膜，有助于乙醇快速灭活HIV。首先，加热到57 ℃导致流化作用少得多，并且这种加热可能在高温下较慢的病毒灭活中起作用。如果HIV包膜中的临界最小排序对于病毒稳定性和感染性是必要的，则操纵脂质组合物或使HIV膜流化或两者都可以提供未经尝试的治疗方法。
Lipid analyses of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) propagated in Hut 78 cells indicated a low total lipid/protein ratio, a high cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio, and major phospholipids consisting of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, and phosphatidylserine; comparable lipid profiles were noted for human erythrocytes and other RNA viruses. Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies of HIV labeled with 5-nitroxide stearate (N-oxy-4'',4''-dimethyloxazolidine derivative of ketostearate) showed a low "fluidity" at 37.degree.C, similar to other enveloped RNA viruses and erythrocytes and probably due to the high cholesterol/phospholipid ratio. Ethanol (50%) completely disrupts the envelope, contributing to the rapid inactivation of HIV by ethanol. Contrarily, heating to 57.degree.C causes much less fluidization, and this heating may play a role in the slower viral inactivation at high temperatures. Should a critical minimum ordering in the HIV envelope be necessary for viral stability and infectivity, manipulating the lipid composition or fluidizing the HIV membrane, or both, may provide an untried therapeutic approach.