Using Simulation to Design Scalable and Cost-Efficient Archival Storage Systems
Using Simulation to Design Scalable and Cost-Efficient Archival Storage Systems
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使用仿真设计可扩展且经济高效的档案存储系统
DOI：
10.1109/mascots.2018.00011
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Byron;D. Long;E. Miller
随着数字信息变得越来越普遍，对可靠和经济有效的数据存储的需求也在增长。档案系统必须多年存储有价值的数据，同时适应不断变化的用户需求、容量和性能要求。存储设备在性能、容量、可靠性、购置成本、功耗以及其特性随时间变化的速率方面各不相同。因此，随着新技术和现有技术的扩散，选择用于存档的最佳存储技术变得越来越具有挑战性。我们设计了一个模拟器，该模拟器使用组成它的驱动器和介质的特性来模拟归档系统的容量、性能、获取成本和电源成本。我们模拟和比较了四种表现出不同成本和性能特征的存储技术：磁带、光盘、硬盘和NAND闪存SSD。我们评估了档案系统中每种存储技术的总拥有成本，并探讨了随着时间的推移，未来的技术进步和增长率可能对档案系统中每种存储技术的相对成本和可行性产生的影响。我们表明，驱动器的生命周期和升级成本是可移动媒体档案的重要成本因素。我们观察到，提高性能需要向归档系统添加更多的驱动器，并且每个驱动器的成本占提高性能的成本的绝大部分。我们比较了存储技术的发展趋势，以建议将档案系统的长期总拥有成本降至最低。我们表明，通过采用新的设计来最小化基础设施和电力成本，硬盘和闪存可以与基于磁带的档案在成本上具有竞争力。
The need for reliable and cost-effective data storage grows as digital information becomes increasingly ubiquitous. Archival systems must store valuable data for years while adapting to changing user needs, capacity, and performance requirements. Storage devices differ in terms of performance, capacity, reliability, acquisition cost, power consumption, and the rates at which their features change over time. As a result, choosing the best storage technology to use for an archive has become increasingly challenging with the proliferation of new technologies alongside existing ones. We have designed a simulator that models the capacity, performance, acquisition cost, and power cost of an archival system using the characteristics of the drives and media that comprise it. We simulate and compare four storage technologies that exhibit different cost and performance characteristics: tape, optical disc, hard disk, and NAND flash SSD. We evaluate the total cost of ownership for each storage technology within an archival system, and we explore the effect that prospective technological advancements and growth rates over time may have on the relative cost and viability of each storage technology for archival systems. We show that the lifecycle and upgrade cost of drives are significant cost factors for removable media archives. We observe that increasing performance requires adding more drives to an archival system, and the cost of each drive dominates the cost to increase performance. We compare trends in storage technologies to suggest developments that could minimize the long-term total cost of ownership for archival systems. We show that hard disks and flash could become cost-competitive with tape-based archives by adopting new designs to minimize infrastructure and electricity costs.