A screening study on the fate of fullerenes (nC60) and their toxic implications in natural freshwaters
A screening study on the fate of fullerenes (nC60) and their toxic implications in natural freshwaters
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DOI：
10.1002/etc.2175
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Kukkonen, Jussi V. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pakarinen, Kukka;Petersen, Elijah J.;Kukkonen, Jussi V. K.
越来越多的富勒烯（C60）的使用增加了它们释放到环境中的机会。对于风险评估，了解C60的环境命运和生态毒理学效应是很重要的。本研究在4种不同的湖水和一种人工淡水中进行了为期1年的富勒烯沉降测量，并在每种湖水中测量了水蚤的固定化和富勒烯的积累。根据湖泊水体特征，富勒烯要么表现出较长的水稳定性，要么表现出快速沉降；在所有水域中，都有一部分在1年后保持稳定。水稳定性受溶解天然有机质（DNOM）质量和分子大小分布的影响。增加DNOM分子大小，提高芳香族含量，提高水稳定性。当初始富勒烯浓度高达10mg/L时，D. magna的固定化率通常很低（低于20%），并且在24h和48h后变化很大。在急性毒性试验期间（即48小时）发生了大量沉淀，这在进行毒性试验时应该预料到。在富勒烯浓度为0.5mg/L时，不同湖泊水体间的富勒烯累积量无显著差异，在富勒烯浓度为2mg/L时存在差异。环境化学，2013;32(2):1224-1232。(c) 2013 SETAC
Increasing usage of fullerenes (C60) increases their opportunities to be released into the environment. For risk assessment, it is important to understand the environmental fate and ecotoxicological effects of C60. In the present study, fullerene settling was measured during a 1-yr period with 4 different lake waters and an artificial freshwater, and Daphnia magna immobilization and fullerene accumulation was also measured in each of the lake waters. Depending on the characteristics of the lake waters, fullerenes either exhibited extended water stability or settled rapidly; in all waters, there was a fraction that remained stable after 1yr. Water stability was affected by the quality and molecular size distribution of dissolved natural organic matter (DNOM). Increasing DNOM molecular sizes with high aromatic content enhanced water stability. Immobilization of D. magna was generally quite low (under 20%) and highly variable after 24h and 48h at initial fullerene concentrations up to 10mg/L. Substantial settling occurred during the time period for acute toxicity assays (i.e., 48h), which should be anticipated when conducting toxicity assays. There were no significant differences in the quantity of accumulated fullerenes among the different lake waters at fullerene concentrations of 0.5mg/L, but there were differences at 2mg/L. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1224-1232. (c) 2013 SETAC