Loneliness, health and mortality
Loneliness, health and mortality
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DOI：
10.1017/s2045796017000580
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Andersson, N. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henriksen, J.;Larsen, E. R.;Andersson, N. W.
目标。文献表明，男性和女性的孤独感与死亡率之间存在关联。然而，孤独感与死亡率之间的联系尚未得到彻底研究，需要通过长时间的随访进行重复。这项研究评估了 1363 名成年瑞典人的孤独感与死亡率之间的关系，包括与性别的关系。方法。瑞典伦德比研究 (Lundby Study) 的这项基于社区的前瞻性队列研究纳入了 1363 名个体，其中 296 名个体 (21.7%) 在 1997 年通过半结构式访谈被确定为孤独者。该队列一直跟踪到 2011 年，并使用生存分析来估计相对死亡风险。结果。孤独者和非孤独者的死亡发生率分别为每 100 人年 2.63 人和每 100 人年 2.09 人。在粗略分析中，与非孤独个体相比，孤独与死亡风险显着增加 27% 相关[风险比 (HR) 1.27； 95% CI 1.01-1.60]。与非孤独女性相比，未经调整的孤独女性的死亡风险显着增加（HR 1.76；95% CI 1.31-2.34），调整后的死亡率风险增加27%（HR 1.27；95% CI 0.92-1.74）。与非孤独男性相比，孤独男性的死亡风险调整后显着降低（HR 0.50；95% CI 0.32-0.80）。结论。研究结果表明，孤独感与死亡风险增加之间存在关联，并且可能存在性别差异，而此前尚未有报道。如果重复的话，我们的结果表明孤独感可能对某些亚组产生不同的身体影响。未来的研究需要进一步调查性别对这种关系的影响。
Aims. Literature suggests an association between loneliness and mortality for both males and females. Yet, the linkage of loneliness to mortality is not thoroughly examined, and need to be replicated with a long follow-up time. This study assessed the association between loneliness and mortality, including associations to gender, in 1363 adult swedes. Methods. This community-based prospective cohort study from the Swedish Lundby Study included 1363 individuals of whom 296 individuals (21.7%) were identified as lonely with use of semi-structured interviews in 1997. The cohort was followed until 2011 and survival analyses were used to estimate the relative risk of death. Results. Death occurred with an incidence rate of 2.63 per 100 person-years and 2.09 per 100 person-years for lonely and non-lonely individuals, respectively. In crude analysis, loneliness was associated with a significant increased mortality risk of 27% compared with non-lonely individuals [hazard ratio (HR) 1.27; 95% CI 1.01-1.60]. Unadjusted, lonely females had a significant increased risk (HR 1.76; 95% CI 1.31-2.34) and adjusted insignificant increased mortality risk of 27% (HR 1.27; 95% CI 0.92-1.74), compared with non-lonely females. Lonely males were found to have an adjusted significant decreased risk of mortality (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.32-0.80), compared with non-lonely males. Conclusions. Findings suggest an association between loneliness and increased risk of mortality and that gender differences may exist, which have not been previously reported. If replicated, our results indicate that loneliness may have differential physical implications in some subgroups. Future studies are needed to further investigate the influence of gender on the relationship.