Canonical and non-canonical adenosinergic pathways
Canonical and non-canonical adenosinergic pathways
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DOI：
10.1016/j.imlet.2018.03.007
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Morandi, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ferretti, E.;Horenstein, A. L.;Morandi, F.
腺苷（Adenosine，ADO）是一种免疫抑制分子，在人体不同器官具有多种功能。ADO通过具有酶功能的表面分子的协同作用释放，属于两种不同的腺苷能途径。经典途径由CD 39启动，将ATP转化为AMP。另一方面，非经典途径通过CD 38的作用将NAD（+）代谢为ADPR。后一种副产物然后通过CD 203 a/PC-1转化为AMP。这两种途径收敛到CD 73，完全降解AMP的最终产品ADO.In这次审查中，我们考虑到最相关的发现属于两个腺苷能途径在不同的细胞类型，包括调节细胞亚群和肿瘤细胞的胞外酶的表达。此外，我们总结了这些分子在不同的生理和病理环境中的作用。最后，我们讨论了潜在的治疗应用外酶和/或ADO受体的特异性抑制剂。
Adenosine (ADO) is an immunosuppressive molecule with multiple functions in different human organs. ADO is released through the concerted action of surface molecules endowed with enzymatic functions, that belong to two different adenosinergic pathways. The canonical pathway is started by CD39, that converts ATP to AMP. On the other hand, the non-canonical pathway metabolizes NAD(+) to ADPR, through the action of CD38. The latter byproduct is then converted to AMP by CD203a/PC-1. Both pathways converge to CD73, that fully degrades AMP to the final product ADO.In this Review we take into account the most relevant finding regarding the expression of ectoenzymes belonging to both adenosinergic pathways in different cell types, including regulatory cell subsets and neoplastic cells. Moreover, we summarize the role of these molecules in different physiological and pathological settings. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic application of specific inhibitors of ectoenzymes and/or ADO receptors.