Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics of Two-Dimensional Vortices.
Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics of Two-Dimensional Vortices.
复制标题
二维涡旋的非平衡统计力学。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Y. Levin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Pakter;Y. Levin
根据经验观察到，二维涡流倾向于聚集，形成巨大的涡流。为了解释这一现象，昂萨格在平衡态统计力学中引入了负绝对温度的概念。在这封信中，我们表明，在热力学极限的相互作用的旋涡系统不会放松到热力学平衡，但成为被困在一个非平衡定态。我们表明，在这种非平衡定态的涡旋分布具有特征的核心晕结构，这是可以预测的先验。所有的理论结果进行了比较与显式分子动力学模拟。
It has been observed empirically that two-dimensional vortices tend to cluster, forming a giant vortex. To account for this observation, Onsager introduced the concept of negative absolute temperature in equilibrium statistical mechanics. In this Letter, we show that in the thermodynamic limit a system of interacting vortices does not relax to the thermodynamic equilibrium but becomes trapped in a nonequilibrium stationary state. We show that the vortex distribution in this nonequilibrium stationary state has a characteristic core-halo structure, which can be predicted a priori. All the theoretical results are compared with explicit molecular dynamics simulations.