Impact of psychometrically defined deficits of executive functioning in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Impact of psychometrically defined deficits of executive functioning in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.163.10.1730
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Faraone, Stephen V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biederman, Joseph;Petty, Carter;Faraone, Stephen V.
目的：研究注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患者的执行功能缺陷与功能结局之间的关系。方法：研究对象为符合和不符合DSM-IV诊断标准的成人(N=213和N=145)。作者将执行功能缺陷定义为至少有两项执行功能测量，得分低于匹配的比较对象的1.5标准差。结果：ADHD患者的执行功能缺陷显著多于对照对象。无论是否患有ADHD，执行功能缺陷都与较低的学业成绩有关。有执行功能缺陷的ADHD患者的社会经济地位显著降低，除ADHD单独诊断外，还存在显著的功能障碍。结论：心理测量学定义的执行功能缺陷可能有助于确定ADHD成人中职业和学习成绩低下的高危亚群。需要做出更多努力，以确定具有成本效益的方法来筛查ADHD患者的执行功能缺陷。
Objective: The association between deficits in executive functioning and functional outcomes was examined among adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Method: Subjects were adults who did (N = 213) and did not (N = 145) meet DSM-IV criteria for ADHD. The authors defined having deficits in executive functioning as having at least two measures of executive functioning with scores 1.5 standard deviations below those of matched comparison subjects.Results: Significantly more adults with ADHD had deficits of executive functioning than comparison subjects. Deficits of executive functioning were associated with lower academic achievement, irrespective of ADHD status. Subjects with ADHD with deficits of executive functioning had a significantly lower socioeconomic status and a significant functional morbidity beyond the diagnosis of ADHD alone.Conclusions: Psychometrically defined deficits of executive functioning may help identify a subgroup of adults with ADHD at high risk for occupational and academic underachievement. More efforts are needed to identify cost-effective approaches to screen individuals with ADHD for deficits of executive functioning.