Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test
Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Schwartz, JLK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greenwald, AG;McGhee, DE;Schwartz, JLK
内隐关联测试（IAT）测量两个目标概念与一个属性之间的差异关联。这两个概念出现在两个选择任务中（例如，花和昆虫的名字），属性出现在第二个任务中（例如，评价属性中愉快的词和不愉快的词）。当指令要求高度相关的类别（例如，花+愉快）共享一个响应键时，性能比关联较少的类别（例如，昆虫+愉快）共享一个键时要快。这种性能差异隐式地度量了两个概念与属性之间的不同关联。在3个实验中，TAT对(a)近乎普遍的评价差异（例如，花与昆虫），(b)评价联想的预期个体差异（日本+愉快vs.韩国+日本与韩国受试者愉快），以及(c)有意识地否认评价差异（黑人+愉快vs.白人+自我描述无偏见的白人受试者愉快）敏感。
An implicit association test (IAT) measures differential association of 2 target concepts with an attribute. The 2 concepts appear in a 2-choice task (e.g., flower vs, insect names), and the attribute in a 2nd task (e.g., pleasant vs. unpleasant words for an evaluation attribute). When instructions oblige highly associated categories (e.g., flower + pleasant) to share a response key, performance is faster than when less associated categories (e.g., insect + pleasant) share a key. This performance difference implicitly measures differential association of the 2 concepts with the attribute. In 3 experiments, the TAT was sensitive to (a) near-universal evaluative differences (e.g., flower vs. insect), (b) expected individual differences in evaluative associations (Japanese + pleasant vs. Korean + pleasant for Japanese vs. Korean subjects), and (c) consciously disavowed evaluative differences (Black + pleasant vs. White + pleasant for self-described unprejudiced White subjects).