Sampling Design: Counter Matching
Sampling Design: Counter Matching
复制标题
抽样设计：计数器匹配
DOI：
10.5691/jjb.28.47
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Izumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Fujii;J. Cologne;S. Izumi
在流行病学研究中，寻找合适的实验设计来研究暴露与疾病之间的关系面临着许多挑战。已经调查了许多观察性研究的设计；队列研究和标准病例对照研究是主要类型。巢式病例对照研究设计结合了两者的特点。在巢式病例对照研究中，所有队列成员都可以获得一些信息，并且使用基于发病密度抽样而不是累积患病率抽样的病例对照设计获得附加信息。为了获得更高的效率，在我们选择对照时，有效利用队列成员已有的信息非常重要。反匹配设计就是这样一种方法，它根据暴露状态或暴露的替代测量来选择控制。它可以高效地估计暴露的影响或暴露与其他风险因素之间的相互作用。不幸的是，很少有将此设计应用于实际情况的示例。为了鼓励使用反匹配设计，我们描述了该方法的基本概念和统计方法。给出了一些例子来说明如何实现该设计。我们还提出了一些扩展，以提供更灵活的采样设计。
In epidemiological studies there are numerous challenges to finding an appropriate experimental design for studying the relationship between an exposure and a disease. A number of designs for observational studies have been investigated; the cohort study and the standard case-control study are the primary types. The nested case-control study design combines features of both. In the nested case-control study some information is available for all cohort members and additional information is obtained using a case-control design based on incidence density sampling rather than cumulative prevalence sampling. To get higher efficiency, it is important to effectively use the information already available on cohort members when we choose the controls. The counter-matched design is one such method, which chooses the controls based on exposure status or a surrogate measure of the exposure. It has high efficiency to estimate the effect of the exposure or interaction between the exposure and another risk factor. Unfortunately, there are few examples of application of this design to real situations. To encourage use of the counter-matched design, we describe the basic concept and statistical methods underlying the method. Some examples are presented to illustrate how to implement the design. We also propose some extensions to provide a more flexible sampling design.