A flexible rechargeable aqueous zinc manganese-dioxide battery working at-20 °C
A flexible rechargeable aqueous zinc manganese-dioxide battery working at-20 °C
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DOI：
10.1039/c8ee02892c
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
32.5
通讯作者：
Zhi, Chunyi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mo, Funian;Liang, Guojin;Zhi, Chunyi
使水性电池在零度以下的温度下正常工作仍然是一个挑战，更不用说保持它们的灵活性和机械鲁棒性了。这主要是由于水凝胶电解质在如此低的温度下冻结，导致性能劣化和弹性损失。在这里，我们提出了一种固有地抗冻的柔性锌锰二氧化物电池（Zn-MnO 2-B），其包括设计的抗冻水凝胶电解质，该电解质可以防止水凝胶组分的冰结晶并且即使在-20 ℃下也保持高的离子电导率。得益于出色的抗冻性，制造的防冻Zn-MnO 2-B（AF电池）在零度以下温度下表现出出色的电化学稳定性和机械耐久性。即使在-20 ℃下，AF电池的比容量也可以保持在80%以上，库仑效率接近接近100%，而传统聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）水凝胶电解质的Zn-MnO 2-B的性能完全失效。更令人印象深刻的是，即使在零下温度下受到严重的机械应力，例如弯曲，压缩，锤击或在冰浴中清洗，电池的灵活性也可以保持良好。此外，密封在冰块中的AF电池可以串联集成，为电子手表的腕带、LED灯和72 cm（2）电致发光面板供电。据信，这项工作为开发防冻电池开辟了新的视角，并将为开发用于极冷环境下的柔性电池的新型水凝胶水性电解质发挥模型系统的作用。
It remains a challenge to render aqueous batteries operating at subzero temperatures properly, not even to mention the maintenance of their flexibility and mechanical robustness. This fundamentally arises from the freezing of hydrogel electrolytes under such low temperature, resulting in performance deterioration and elasticity loss. Here we propose an intrinsically freeze-resistant flexible zinc manganese-dioxide battery (Zn-MnO2-B) comprising a designed anti-freezing hydrogel electrolyte which can preclude the ice crystallization of the hydrogel component and maintain a high ion conductivity even at -20 degrees C. Benefiting from exceptional freeze resistance, the fabricated anti-freezing Zn-MnO2-B (AF-battery) exhibits excellent electrochemical stability and mechanical durability at subzero temperatures. Even at -20 degrees C, the specific capacity of the AF-battery can retain over 80% with Coulombic efficiencies approaching approximate to 100%, compared to the thorough performance failure of the Zn-MnO2-B with traditional polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel electrolyte. More impressively, the flexibility of batteries can also be well maintained even under severe mechanical stresses at subzero temperatures, such as being bent, compressed, hammered or washed in an ice bath. Furthermore, the AF-battery sealed in an ice cube can be integrated in series to power a wristband of an electronic watch, LED lights and a 72 cm(2) electroluminescent panel. It is believed that this work opens new perspectives to develop anti-freezing batteries and would play the role of a model system for developing new hydrogel aqueous electrolytes for flexible batteries in extremely cold environments.