Citizenship: Care of the Self, Character and Personality
Citizenship: Care of the Self, Character and Personality
复制标题
公民身份：照顾自我、品格和个性
DOI：
10.1080/13621020050078041
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
A. Hunt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. White;A. Hunt
最近重振公民身份的尝试植根于一种浪漫的冲动。当前对公民身份的怀旧努力通过面对面的互动来恢复小社区的参与性参与。本文提出了一种公民概念，它更密切地关注公民在历史上被建构的斗争方式，以挑战公民共和主义的浪漫主义。我们借鉴了福柯式治理文学中关注自我的那些方面。公民身份是政府的一种技术，它构成了一个政治共同体的成员，既需要自我控制，又需要关注与他人的关系。讲真话很重要，因为这是一个人成为政府主体的原因。我们认为，在19世纪和20世纪之间发生了一个历史性的转变，从植根于“性格”的主体性转变为基于“个性”的主体性，这与公民身份和自我实践的主流形式的变化相对应。对“塑造性格”的关注涉及到对自我的关心，这种关心是建立在努力与一系列公共美德保持一致的基础上的。对个性的强调涉及到对自我组织的关注，围绕着对独特自我的追求。自我关怀的这一阶段标志着有效公民道德要求的转变，因此，代表了一种说实话的新形式。我们认为，这两种形式的自我关怀标志着被认为是公民所希望展示的特征的决定性突变。
Recent attempts to reinvigorate citizenship have been rooted in a romantic impulse. The current nostalgia over citizenship strives to recuperate the participatory involvement of the small community with face-to-face interaction. This article advances a conception of citizenship that attends more closely to the agonistic ways that citizens have been historically constructed in order to challenge the romanticism of civic republicanism. We draw on those aspects of the Foucauldian governmentality literature concerned with the care of the self. Citizenship is a technology of government that constitutes membership in a political community that requires both self-mastery and attention to relations with others. Importance is attached to truth-telling since this is what makes one a subject of government. We argue that an historical shift occurred between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries from a subjectivity rooted in ‘character’ to one based on ‘personality’ that corresponded to changes in the prevailing form of citizenship and the practices of the self. The preoccupation with ‘building character’ involved a caring for the self that was based on striving for conformity with a set of public virtues. The emphasis on personality involved a care of the self organized around the quest for a unique self. This phase in the care of the self marks a shift in the ethical requirements of effective citizenship and as a result, represents a new form of truth-telling. We argue that these two forms of caring for the self mark a decisive mutation in the characteristics that were considered desirable for citizens to exhibit.
DOI：
10.2307/2072021
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Foucault;L. Martin;Huck Gutman;P. Hutton
通讯作者：
M. Foucault;L. Martin;Huck Gutman;P. Hutton