Tumour cells coerce host tissue to cancer spread.
Tumour cells coerce host tissue to cancer spread.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/bonekey.2013.105
复制
发表时间：
2013-07-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Malanchi, Ilaria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Malanchi, Ilaria
实体瘤是一个复杂的结构，了解这种复杂性是研究疾病进展所必需的。事实上，90%的癌症死亡是由于转移性扩散。两个方面促成了肿瘤的复杂性。一是肿瘤细胞与其相关宿主组织之间的协同关系，这是肿瘤从发病到转移的持续特征。另一个方面是癌细胞的异质性。现在很清楚，在肿瘤块中存在一个等级组织，源于少量保留最高致瘤潜力的细胞，称为癌症干细胞（CSCs）。尽管CSC是癌症研究的主要研究课题之一，但CSC的定义仍然是争论的主题。功能测试允许它们的识别，这是在移植到小鼠体内时再现原始肿瘤结构的能力，但偶尔会产生相互矛盾的结果。这形成了一种假设，即它们的关键启动能力是由它们的局部微环境（称为生态位）决定的。CSC身份似乎是一种上下文状态，其中创造有利的支持微环境的能力可能成为其肿瘤起始能力的关键标志。值得注意的是，如实验模型所示，在转移进展过程中，当弥散性癌细胞需要创造其允许的生态位才能触发转移性生长时，CSCs的肿瘤启动潜能得以维持。本文将讨论转移生态位的建立以及癌细胞与其新募集的肿瘤相关基质之间的合作形成转移发展的基础的最新发现。
A solid tumour is a complex structure and understanding this complexity is required to study the disease progression. Indeed, 90% of cancer deaths are due to metastatic spreading. Two aspects contribute to tumour complexity. One is the synergistic relationship between tumour cells and their associated host tissue, which persistently characterize tumour growth from the onset to metastasis. Another aspect is the heterogeneity of the cancer cells. It is now clear that within a tumour mass there is a hierarchical organization, stemming from a small amount of cells retaining the highest tumorigenic potential, named cancer stem cells (CSCs). Despite being one of the main studied topics in cancer research, CSC definition is still the subject of debate. Functional testing allows their identification, which is the ability of recapitulating the original tumour structure when transplanted in mice, but occasionally generates conflicting results. This has shaped the hypothesis that their key initiation ability is conditioned by their local microenvironment called niche. The CSC identity appears to be a contextual status where the ability to create a favourable supporting microenvironment may become a key hallmark of their tumour initiation capability. Remarkably, as shown in experimental models, the tumour-initiating potential of CSCs is maintained during metastatic progression, when disseminated cancer cells require the creation of their permissive niche to be able to trigger metastatic growth. This review will discuss the most recent findings on metastatic niche establishment and the cooperation between cancer cells and their newly recruited tumour-associated stroma forming the basis of metastatic development.