Quantification of the position and depth of the flexor hallucis longus groove in euarchontans, with implications for the evolution of primate positional behavior: YAPUNCICH et al.
Quantification of the position and depth of the flexor hallucis longus groove in euarchontans, with implications for the evolution of primate positional behavior: YAPUNCICH et al.
复制标题
真鼠类拇长屈肌沟的位置和深度的量化，对灵长类位置行为的进化具有影响：YAPUNCICH 等人。
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.23213
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Boyer, Doug M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yapuncich, Gabriel S.;Seiffert, Erik R.;Boyer, Doug M.
距骨上拇长屈肌腱沟的位置和深度已被用来推断化石灵长类动物的亲缘关系和位置行为。这项研究量化了屈拇长肌沟（FHLG）的各个方面，以测试：（1）外侧FHLG是衍生的strepsirrhine特征，（2）外侧FHLG反映了倒置和外展的足部姿势，（3）更深的FHLG表明更大的肌肉。（n= 378标本，125种），以量化FHLG的位置和深度。数据进行方差分析，普通和系统发育广义最小二乘法，贝叶斯祖先状态重建（ASR）。结果现存的strepsirrhines，adapiforms，plesiadapiforms，dermopterans，andPtilocercus表现出横向FHLGs。现存的狐猴科、狐猴亚化石和树鼩都有内侧FHLG。omomyiforms和基础化石的FHLGs之间的strepsirrhines和现存的FHLGs。FHLG位置与踏板倒置特征的相关性很小。相对FHLG深度与体重无显著相关性。ASR支持FHLG位置的方向模型和FHLG depth.ConclusionsThe横向FHLG在许多非优灵长类动物的患病率表明，横向FHLG是不是一个派生的strepsirrhine功能的随机游走模型。缺乏与足内翻特征的相关性表明，外侧FHLG不是链球菌样足姿势的充分指标。相反，外侧FHLG可以降低在大直径支撑上的外展足姿势中肌腱移位的风险。深FHLG并不意味着更大的肌肉，但可能会减少在跖屈弓弦。
ObjectiveOn the talus, the position and depth of the groove for theflexor hallucis longustendon have been used to infer phylogenetic affinities and positional behaviors of fossil primates. This study quantifies aspects of theflexor hallucis longusgroove (FHLG) to test if: (1) a lateral FHLG is a derived strepsirrhine feature, (2) a lateral FHLG reflects inverted and abducted foot postures, and (3) a deeper FHLG indicates a larger muscle.MethodsWe used linear measurements of microCT‐generated models from a sample of euarchontans (n= 378 specimens, 125 species) to quantify FHLG position and depth. Data are analyzed with ANOVA, Ordinary and Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, and Bayesian Ancestral State Reconstruction (ASR).ResultsExtant strepsirrhines, adapiforms, plesiadapiforms, dermopterans, andPtilocercusexhibit lateral FHLGs. Extant anthropoids, subfossil lemurs, andTupaiahave medial FHLGs. FHLGs of omomyiforms and basal fossil anthropoids are intermediate between those of strepsirrhines and extant anthropoids. FHLG position has few correlations with pedal inversion features. Relative FHLG depth is not significantly correlated with body mass. ASRs support a directional model for FHLG position and a random walk model for FHLG depth.ConclusionsThe prevalence of lateral FHLGs in many non‐euprimates suggests a lateral FHLG is not a derived strepsirrhine feature. The lack of correlations with pedal inversion features suggests a lateral FHLG is not a sufficient indicator of strepsirrhine‐like foot postures. Instead, a lateral FHLG may reduce the risk of tendon displacement in abducted foot postures on large diameter supports. A deep FHLG does not indicate a larger muscle, but likely reduces bowstringing during plantarflexion.