Reproductive Strategies in Marine Hydrozoan Jellyfish: Sexual Medusae and Asexual Polyps
Reproductive Strategies in Marine Hydrozoan Jellyfish: Sexual Medusae and Asexual Polyps
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DOI：
10.1007/978-4-431-56609-0_8
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
N. Takeda;R. Deguchi;Takeshi Itabashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Takeda;R. Deguchi;Takeshi Itabashi
水螅水母属于刺胞动物门，一般呈放射状对称，具有双胚层。许多种类的水螅水母有两种特征形态：无蒂水螅体和自由游动的水母。无蒂息肉通过无性繁殖进行繁殖，而自由游动的水母则通过释放卵子和精子进行有性繁殖。尽管众所周知，这些生殖系统是为了适应海洋物理环境的季节性变化，但关于水螅水母何时以及如何在自然界中进行无性和有性生殖的文献却很少。在这里，我们描述了水螅水母的生命周期，包括息肉繁殖、水母形成、卵母细胞成熟、产卵、受精和变态。我们讨论了目前对三种海洋水螅动物无性和有性生殖系统的研究：Cytaeis uchidae、Cladonema pacificum 和 Clytia hemisphaerica。
Hydrozoan jellyfish belong to the phylum Cnidaria and generally have radial symmetry with diploblastic layers. Many species of hydrozoan jellyfish have two characteristic forms: a sessile polyp and a free-swimming medusa. Sessile polyps multiply through asexual reproduction, whereas free-swimming medusae undergo sexual reproduction by releasing eggs and sperm. Although these reproductive systems are known to be adaptations to seasonal changes in the physical environment of the sea, little has been written about when and exactly how hydrozoan jellyfish carry out asexual and sexual reproduction in nature. Here, we describe the life cycle of hydrozoan jellyfish, including polyp reproduction, medusa formation, oocyte maturation, spawning, fertilization, and metamorphosis. We discuss current research on the asexual and sexual reproductive systems of three marine hydrozoan species:Cytaeis uchidae,Cladonema pacificum, andClytia hemisphaerica.