Structural glaciology of the fast-moving Jakobshavn Isbræ, Greenland, compared to the surging Bering Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A.
Structural glaciology of the fast-moving Jakobshavn Isbræ, Greenland, compared to the surging Bering Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A.
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格陵兰岛快速移动的雅各布港伊斯布雷的结构冰川与美国阿拉斯加汹涌的白令冰川的比较
DOI：
10.3189/172756400781820543
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
U. Herzfeld
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Mayer;U. Herzfeld
基于1996年和1997年在地球连续移动最快的冰流——西格陵兰岛Jakobshavn Isbræ的系统飞越中收集的视频图像，分析了冰川表面主要显示脆性变形的裂缝模式。中央冰流表面的裂缝样式很明显。所有的裂缝都是闭合的，表面看起来相当光滑。在边缘，典型的剪切模式以共轭剪切和闭合裂隙为主，弯曲模式表明裂隙线向流动方向弯曲。从这个区域向外，出现了不同形态的开放裂缝。这组模式与在美国阿拉斯加的白令海峡（Bering Glacier）收集的类似数据进行了比较，这些数据是在1993年至1995年冰川最近一次激增期间收集的。裂隙形态以平行裂隙、双向正交裂隙、波状裂隙阵列、雁列裂隙为主。这些汹涌冰川的模式与快速移动的冰流的模式完全不同，表明了不同的潜在运动学和动力学。
Abstract Crevasse patterns revealing mostly brittle deformation on glacier surfaces are analyzed based on video images collected during systematic overflights of Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland, the Earths continuously fastest moving ice stream, in 1996 and 1997. Crevasse patterns on the surface of the central ice stream are distinct. All crevasses are closed, the surface appears rather smooth. Towards the margins, typical shear patterns with conjugate shears and still-closed crevasses prevail, curved patterns indicate the bending of crevasse lines into the flow direction. Outward from this zone different patterns of open crevasses occur. This suite of patterns is compared to similar data collected over Bering Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A., during its recent surge from 1993–95. There a number of patterns of mostly open crevasses is characteristic: parallel crevasses, two-directional orthogonal open crevasses, arrays of wavy crevasses, en-echelon crevasses. These patterns of the surging glacier are completely different from those of the fast-moving ice stream indicating different underlying kinematics and dynamics.