The subterranean estuary: a reaction zone of ground water and sea water
The subterranean estuary: a reaction zone of ground water and sea water
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0304-4203(99)00014-6
复制
发表时间：
1999-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Moore, WS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, WS
大气水和海水的混合在许多沿海含水层中产生了微咸水。在这个混合区，咸水与含水层固体的化学反应改变了水的成分;就像河流颗粒和悬浮沉积物改变了河口沃茨的表面成分一样。为了强调这些沿海含水层中混合和化学反应的重要性，我称它们为地下河口。在地下河口的地球化学研究之前，试图整合这些系统对沿海海洋的影响的研究。地下淡水与海水的混合带一直被认为是碳酸盐岩成岩作用和白云岩形成的重要场所。生物学家同样认识到，陆地向沿海海洋输入的营养物质可能是通过地下过程发生的。地下河口的存在和重要性的进一步证据来自沿海海洋中化学示踪剂的分布。这些示踪剂来源于沿海含水层，是盐水与含水层固体发生化学反应的结果。当地表和地下系统交换液体时，它们到达沿海海洋。地下河口和沿岸海洋之间的交换可以通过沿岸海洋中示踪剂的分布来量化。美国东部和海湾沿岸的例子，以及孟加拉湾，将被用来评估这些看不见的河口在供应不仅化学示踪剂，而且营养物质的重要性。到沿海沃茨。人类活动对地下河口的影响正在使这些系统发生重大变化。地下水开采、海平面上升和航道疏浚直接影响这些系统。在沿海生态系统的这一重要组成部分，这些变化的影响才刚刚开始显现。(C)1999 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
Mixing between meteoric water and sea water produces brackish to saline water in many coastal aquifers. In this mixing zone, chemical reactions of the salty water with aquifer solids modify the composition of the water; much as riverine particles and suspended sediments modify the composition of surface estuarine waters. To emphasize the importance of mixing and chemical reaction in these coastal aquifers, I call them subterranean estuaries. Geochemical studies within subterranean estuaries have preceded studies that attempt to integrate the effect of these systems on the coastal ocean. The mixing zone between fresh ground water and sea water has long been recognized as an important site of carbonate diagenesis and possibly dolomite formation. Biologists have likewise recognized that terrestrial inputs of nutrients to the coastal ocean may occur through subterranean processes. Further evidence of the existence and importance of subterranean estuaries comes from the distribution of chemical tracers in the coastal ocean. These tracers originate within coastal aquifers through chemical reactions of the saline water with aquifer solids. They reach the coastal ocean as the surface and subterranean systems exchange fluids. Exchange between the subterranean estuary and the coastal ocean may be quantified by the tracer distribution in the coastal ocean. Examples from the east and Gulf coasts of the U.S., as well as the Bay of Bengal, will be used to evaluate the importance of these unseen estuaries in supplying not only chemical tracers, but also nutrients. to coastal waters. Anthropogenic effects on subterranean estuaries are causing significant change to these systems. Ground water mining, sea level rise, and channel dredging impact these systems directly. The effects of these changes are only beginning to be realized in this vital component of the coastal ecosystem. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.