3. Turbulent Combustion
3. Turbulent Combustion
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3. 湍流燃烧
DOI：
10.1137/1.9781611971064.ch3
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
F. Williams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Williams
1.导论。就像谚语中的大象一样，湍流燃烧表现出如此多的不同方面，以至于从研究对象的所有调查人员中随机挑选的两名调查人员，很可能会完全不同意其一般特征。例如，很少有人知道所有术语“k-ϵ模型”、“奇异吸引子”、“Favre平均”、“守恒标量”、“柯尔莫戈洛夫标度”、“泛函微分”、“相干结构”、“大涡达克勒数”、“随机涡旋”、“光谱传递”、“间歇”和“年龄理论”的完整定义。几乎所有的研究人员都会认为，这一序列中至少有一项与湍流燃烧实际上无关。然而，对于每一项物品，都可能存在调查人员，他们会将该物品确定为该主题的中心方面。湍流燃烧现在已经变得如此多方面，以至于没有人具备对其进行全面和公正审查所需的背景知识。15年前，在一篇关于层流燃烧的综述[1]的导言中，有人评论说，湍流燃烧理论几乎没有什么进展，并预测未来的进展速度不会比刚刚过去的速度大很多。这一预测的真实性是短暂的(就像大多数关于湍流燃烧的预测一样)。近年来，对这一主题的研究如雨后春笋般涌现--在许多不同的方向上，其中一些途径已经带来了真正具有持久价值的发现。本文的目的是试图突出最有希望的途径，并找出许多诱人的破坏性道路上的一些陷阱。
1. Introduction.Like the proverbial elephant, turbulent combustion exhibits so many different aspects that two investigators, chosen at random from the set of all investigators examining the subject, will with high probability disagree entirely about its general characteristics. For example, few will know the full definitions of all of the terms “k-ϵ modelling,” “strange attractor,” “Favre average,” “conserved scalar,” “Kolmogorov scale,” “functional differentiation,” “coherent structure,” “large-eddy Damköhler number,” “random vortex,” “spectral transfer,” “intermittency” and “age theory.” Almost all of the investigators will consider at least one of the items in this sequence to be practically irrelevant to turbulent combustion. Yet, for each of the items there likely exist investigators who would identify that item as the central aspect of the subject. Turbulent combustion has now become so multifaceted that no one has the background necessary to give a complete and impartial review of it. Therefore the reader must prepare himself for an incomplete and somewhat biased review.Fifteen years ago, in the introduction to a review on laminar combustion [1], it was remarked that there had been little progress in the theory of turbulent combustion, and it was predicted that the future rate of progress would not be much greater than that of the immediate past. The truth of that prediction was short-lived (just as with most predictions in turbulent combustion). Research in the subject has mushroomed in-numerous diverse directions in recent years, and a few of the avenues have led fruitfully to genuine discoveries of lasting value. The intent of the present article is to attempt to highlight the most promising avenues and to identify some of the pitfalls along the many seductively ruinous paths.