Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997.
Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.00108347
复制
发表时间：
2000-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Larson TV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mar TF;Norris GA;Koenig JQ;Larson TV
我们使用 3 年的每日数据（1995-1997 年）评估了老年人的死亡率结果与不同空气动力学直径（以微米为单位）的颗粒物 (PM) [PM(10)、PM(2.5) 和 PM(CF)(PM(10) 减去 PM(2.5))] 以及亚利桑那州凤凰城选定的颗粒物和气相污染物之间的关联。尽管之前已将源解析和流行病学方法结合起来研究空气污染对死亡率的影响，但这是第一项在死亡率时间序列分析中使用详细 PM 成分数据的研究。凤凰城位于干旱的西南部，拥有约 100 万居民（9. 7% 的居民年龄 > 65 岁）。 PM 数据来自位于凤凰城中部的美国环境保护局 (EPA) 国家暴露研究实验室平台。我们从 EPA 航空信息检索系统数据库中获取了气态污染物数据，特别是一氧化碳、二氧化氮、臭氧和二氧化硫数据。我们使用泊松回归分析来评估空气污染与非意外死亡率和心血管死亡率之间的关联。总死亡率与 CO 和 NO(2) 显着相关 (p < 0.05)，与 SO(2)、PM(10) 和 PM(CF) 相关性较弱 (p < 0. 10)。心血管死亡率与CO、NO(2)、SO(2)、PM(2.5)、PM(10)、PM(CF) (p < 0.05) 和元素碳显着相关。因子分析显示，与燃烧相关的污染物和二次气溶胶（硫酸盐）均与心血管死亡率相关。
We evaluated the association between mortality outcomes in elderly individuals and particulate matter (PM) of varying aerodynamic diameters (in micrometers) [PM(10), PM(2.5), and PM(CF )(PM(10) minus PM(2.5))], and selected particulate and gaseous phase pollutants in Phoenix, Arizona, using 3 years of daily data (1995-1997). Although source apportionment and epidemiologic methods have been previously combined to investigate the effects of air pollution on mortality, this is the first study to use detailed PM composition data in a time-series analysis of mortality. Phoenix is in the arid Southwest and has approximately 1 million residents (9. 7% of the residents are > 65 years of age). PM data were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Exposure Research Laboratory Platform in central Phoenix. We obtained gaseous pollutant data, specifically carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and sulfur dioxide data, from the EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System Database. We used Poisson regression analysis to evaluate the associations between air pollution and nonaccidental mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Total mortality was significantly associated with CO and NO(2) (p < 0.05) and weakly associated with SO(2), PM(10), and PM(CF) (p < 0. 10). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly associated with CO, NO(2), SO(2), PM(2.5), PM(10), PM(CF) (p < 0.05), and elemental carbon. Factor analysis revealed that both combustion-related pollutants and secondary aerosols (sulfates) were associated with cardiovascular mortality.