CHLORIDE INTERACTION WITH NITRATE AND PHOSPHATE NUTRITION IN TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM L)
CHLORIDE INTERACTION WITH NITRATE AND PHOSPHATE NUTRITION IN TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM L)
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DOI：
10.1080/01904168209363070
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
LETEY, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KAFKAFI, U;VALORAS, N;LETEY, J
番茄植物在温室中在含有营养液的100升容器中生长。采用4 × 3 × 3析因试验设计，以Cl × N × P为因子。Cl-浓度为0、10、35和70 meq/l; NO-3浓度为7.5、15和20 meq/l; H2 PO-4浓度为1、2和5 meq/l。分析了15种不同的植物参数。在所有NO和H2 PO-4水平下，随着溶液中Cl-浓度的增加，干物质产量下降。NO-3水平对干物质的影响在每个Cl-水平是不同的，并导致显着的Cl-x NO-3相互作用。Cl-影响所有测量的植物参数，但植物中的K和P含量。在溶液中Cl-的所有水平下，通过增加溶液中的NO-3浓度来降低植物中的氯化物含量。H2 PO-4对植株中Cl-和Mg含量影响不大。伯恩斯坦等人（1974）对几种作物的盐分和植物营养之间的相互作用进行了研究。他们的实验是在相对较低的营养液浓度下进行的，仅含有2和4 meq/l的NO-3。当溶液中C1-浓度非常低时，低NO-3浓度是合理的。Letey等人（1982）没有发现番茄对无氯溶液中NO-3浓度增加超过1 meq/l的任何反应。Hiatt和Leggett（1974）报道，溶液中Cl-浓度的增加抑制了植物对NO-3的吸收。DeWit et al.（1963）也报道了植物吸收NO-3和Cl-on之间的直接竞争。因此，有一种可能性是，由于盐度增加而导致的产量下降并不完全是由于Cl-毒性，而可能部分是由于外部Cl-浓度增加导致的NO-3缺乏（Wallace和Berry，1981）。关于H2 FO-4与盐度相互作用的影响的报告相互矛盾（Champagnol，1979）。一些研究人员报告了H2 PO-4浓度增加对植物耐盐性的积极影响，另一些则报告了负面影响。Nieman和Clark（1976）发现，将H2 PO-4从1减少到0.1 meq/l增加植物对盐度的抗性。本文报道的工作的目的是检查假设，即增加营养液中NO-3和H2 PO-4浓度将减少Cl-吸收，从而增加植物对Cl-盐度的抗性，或者相反，水中高Cl-需要更高的NO-3浓度以获得足够的N供应，与低Cl相比。
Tomato plants were grown in a greenhouse in 100 liter containers containing nutrient solutions. A 4 × 3 × 3 factorial experiment of Cl × N × P was conducted. The Cl‐concentrations were 0, 10, 35 and 70 meq/1; NO‐3concentrations were 7.5, 15, and 20 meq/1; and H2PO‐4concentrations were 1, 2, and 5 meq/1. Fifteen different plant parameters were analyzed. There was a decline in dry matter yield with increasing Cl‐concentration in solution at all NO, and H2PO‐4levels. The effect of NO‐3levels on dry matter at each Cl‐level was varied and resulted in a significant Cl‐x NO‐3interaction. The Cl‐affected all measured plant parameters but K and P content in the plant. Chloride content in the plant was depressed by increasing NO‐3concentration in the solution at all levels of Cl‐in the solution. There was a little effect of H2PO‐4on Cl‐and Mg content in the plant. The possibility of using NO‐3fertilizers to depress Cl‐uptake by the plants is discussed.Interaction between solution salinity and plant nutrition was investigated for several crops by Bernstein et al. (1974). Their experiments were conducted at relatively low nutrient solution concentrations which contained only 2 and 4 meq/l of NO‐3. Low NO‐3concentrations are justified when very low C1‐concentrations are present in solution. Letey et al. (1982) did not find any response of tomato to increases in NO‐3concentration beyond 1 meq/l in a chloride‐free solution. Hiatt and Leggett (1974) reported that increasing Cl‐concentration in the solution suppressed NO‐3uptake by the plant. Direct competition between NO‐3and Cl‐on uptake by plants was also reported by DeWit et al. (1963). There is therefore a possibility that yield reduction due to increased salinity is not entirely from Cl‐toxicity, but may be partially due to induced deficiency of NO‐3by the increased external Cl‐concentration (Wallace and Berry, 1981).Reports on the effect of H2FO‐4interaction with salinity are conflicting (Champagnol, 1979). Some investigators report positive and others report negative effects of increased H2PO‐4concentrations on plant resistance to salinity. Nieman and Clark (1976) found that decreasing H2PO‐4from 1 to 0.1 meq/l increased resistance of the plant to salinity.The purpose of the work reported herein was to check the hypotheses that increasing NO‐3and H2PO‐4concentrations in the nutrient solution will decrease Cl‐uptake and thus increase plant resistance to Cl‐salinity or conversely high Cl‐in the water requires higher NO‐3concentration for adequate N supply as compared to low Cl‐.