Colloquium: Understanding quantum weak values: Basics and applications
Colloquium: Understanding quantum weak values: Basics and applications
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DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.86.307
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发表时间：
2014-03-28
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Boyd, Robert W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dressel, Justin;Malik, Mehul;Boyd, Robert W.
自25年前提出以来，量子弱值已逐渐从理论上的好奇心转变为实用的实验室工具。虽然它的效用在最近弱价值实验的爆炸中显而易见，但它的解释在历史上一直是一个混乱的主题。在这里，一个务实的介绍弱值方面的可测量的数量，沿着的解释，它可以在实验室中确定。此外，它的应用三个不同的实验技术进行审查。首先，作为一个大的相互作用参数，它可以放大技术背景噪声以上的小信号。其次，作为一个可测量的复值，它使新的技术，直接量子态和几何相位的确定。第三，作为广义可观察本征值的条件平均值，它为了解量子力学的非经典特征提供了一个可测量的窗口。在这个选择性的审查，一个单一的实验配置来讨论和澄清这些应用程序。
Since its introduction 25 years ago, the quantum weak value has gradually transitioned from a theoretical curiosity to a practical laboratory tool. While its utility is apparent in the recent explosion of weak value experiments, its interpretation has historically been a subject of confusion. Here a pragmatic introduction to the weak value in terms of measurable quantities is presented, along with an explanation for how it can be determined in the laboratory. Further, its application to three distinct experimental techniques is reviewed. First, as a large interaction parameter it can amplify small signals above technical background noise. Second, as a measurable complex value it enables novel techniques for direct quantum state and geometric phase determination. Third, as a conditioned average of generalized observable eigenvalues it provides a measurable window into nonclassical features of quantum mechanics. In this selective review, a single experimental configuration to discuss and clarify each of these applications is used.