Structural alteration of the nucleus for the reprogramming of gene expression
Structural alteration of the nucleus for the reprogramming of gene expression
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DOI：
10.1111/febs.15894
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发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Junko Tomikawa;Kei Miyamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Junko Tomikawa;Kei Miyamoto
基因表达的调控是建立和维持细胞身份的关键过程。基因表达是通过真核细胞核中基于染色质的机制控制的。最近的研究表明染色质可及性和染色质的高阶结构影响转录结果。当细胞在发育和核重编程过程中改变命运时，这一点尤其明显。此外，细胞核的非染色体内容物，即核骨架蛋白，也可以影响染色质和核结构，导致转录改变。在这里，我们回顾了目前对胚胎发育、细胞分化和核重编程过程中染色质和核结构如何影响转录的机制理解，并讨论了该领域仍有待解决的未解决问题。
The regulation of gene expression is a critical process for establishing and maintaining cellular identity. Gene expression is controlled through a chromatin‐based mechanism in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Recent studies suggest that chromatin accessibility and the higher‐order structure of chromatin affect transcriptional outcome. This is especially evident when cells change their fate during development and nuclear reprogramming. Furthermore, non‐chromosomal contents of the cell nucleus, namely nucleoskeleton proteins, can also affect chromatin and nuclear structures, resulting in transcriptional alterations. Here, we review our current mechanistic understanding about how chromatin and nuclear structures impact transcription in the course of embryonic development, cellular differentiation and nuclear reprogramming, and also discuss unresolved questions that remain to be addressed in the field.