Sleep Loss and Fatigue in Shift Work and Shift Work Disorder.
Sleep Loss and Fatigue in Shift Work and Shift Work Disorder.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsmc.2009.03.001
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Wright, Kenneth P Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akerstedt, Torbjorn;Wright, Kenneth P Jr
轮班工作在工业化社会中非常普遍(20%)，但当夜班工作包括夜班时，它对睡眠、主观和生理困倦、表现、事故风险以及心血管疾病和某些形式的癌症等健康结果都有明显的负面影响。原因是以日为导向的昼夜生理与在一天中“错误的”生物时间工作和睡眠的要求之间的冲突。对轮班困倦和事故风险产生负面影响的其他因素包括：长时间轮班超过12小时，以及个人易受阶段不耐受的影响，这可能导致诊断为轮班工作障碍；即，那些在生物夜和生物日失眠时嗜睡和表现损害最严重的轮班工作者。虽然可以用一些对策来缓解倒班工作对夜间困倦和日间失眠的负面影响(综合对策可能是最好的)，但目前似乎没有办法消除倒班工作对人类生理和认知的大部分负面影响。
Shift work is highly prevalent in industrialized societies (>20%) but, when it includes night work, it has pronounced negative effects on sleep, subjective and physiological sleepiness, performance, accident risk, as well as on health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and certain forms of cancer. The reason is the conflict between the day oriented circadian physiology and the requirement for work and sleep at the “wrong” biological time of day. Other factors that negatively impact work shift sleepiness and accident risk include long duration shifts greater than 12 hours and individual vulnerability for phase intolerance that may lead to a diagnosis of shift work disorder; i.e., those shift workers with the greatest sleepiness and performance impairment during the biological night and insomnia during the biological day. Whereas some countermeasures may be used to ameliorate the negative impact of shift work on nighttime sleepiness and daytime insomnia (combined countermeasures may be the best available), there seems at present to be no way to eliminate most of the negative effects of shift work on human physiology and cognition.