Consumption of Bitter Alkaloids in Drosophila melanogaster in Multiple-Choice Test Conditions
Consumption of Bitter Alkaloids in Drosophila melanogaster in Multiple-Choice Test Conditions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjq133
复制
发表时间：
2011-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Marion-Poll, Frederic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sellier, Marie-Jeanne;Reeb, Pablo;Marion-Poll, Frederic
黑腹果蝇根据自身的需要调整食物消耗，避免摄入有害分子。参与这些决定的基因缺陷会诱导行为改变，通常通过监测在2-选择或无选择情况下喂食的苍蝇来筛选。在这里，我们介绍了一种新的行为测试，其中苍蝇组获得6毛细管馈线（MultiCAFE）含有果糖与连续稀释的测试物质混合。使用奎宁，我们首先表明，苍蝇密度，毛细血管之间的距离，并提出了顺序有轻微的影响，对苍蝇的歧视性能。苍蝇歧视也只有轻微影响的类型的测试（无选择，二元，或多项选择）。有趣的是，进食减少与糖敏感味觉受体神经元中混合物引起的放电减少密切相关，这表明几种机制同时允许苍蝇做出选择。除了奎宁，果蝇对黄连素、咖啡因、洛贝林、尼古丁、罂粟碱、士的宁和茶碱的摄入表现出明显的剂量依赖性厌恶，这些物质对人类来说都是苦的。因此，尽管有多种选择，苍蝇始终避免与糖溶液混合的生物碱，它们的选择强烈依赖于它们的味觉系统。MultiCAFE检测代表了其他喂食测试的一种有趣的替代方法，因为它允许监测绝对消耗量，同时比其他检测需要更少的苍蝇和运行时间。
Drosophila melanogaster adapt their food consumption to their internal needs and avoid ingesting noxious molecules. Defects in the genes involved in these decisions induce behavioral alterations that are usually screened by monitoring flies feeding in 2-choice or in no-choice situations. Here, we introduce a new behavioral test in which groups of flies are given access to 6 capillary feeders (MultiCAFE) containing fructose mixed with a serial dilution of a test substance. Using quinine, we first showed that fly density, distance between capillaries, and order of presentation have a minor impact on the discrimination performances of the flies. Fly discrimination was also only marginally affected by the type of test (no-choice, binary, or multiple-choice). Interestingly, the feeding reduction was well correlated with a reduction of the firing elicited by the mixture in sugar-sensitive gustatory receptor neurons, suggesting that several mechanisms concur to allow flies to make their choices. In addition to quinine, flies exhibited marked dose-dependent aversions to the consumption of berberine, caffeine, lobeline, nicotine, papaverine, strychnine, and theophylline, which all taste bitter to humans. Thus, despite of the multiplicity of choices available, flies consistently avoid alkaloids mixed with a sugar solution, and their choices are strongly dependent on their taste system. The MultiCAFE assay represents an interesting alternative to other feeding tests, in that it allows monitoring of the absolute consumption while also requiring less flies and time to run than other assays.