Synthetic hydrogels as blood clot mimicking wound healing materials
Synthetic hydrogels as blood clot mimicking wound healing materials
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DOI：
10.1088/2516-1091/ac23a4
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发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Rausch;S. Parekh;B. Dortdivanlioglu;A. Rosales
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Rausch;S. Parekh;B. Dortdivanlioglu;A. Rosales
每年，过度出血或出血导致数百万平民和非平民伤亡。此外，伤口后遗症，如感染，是慢性发病率的重要来源，即使最初的出血被成功地停止。为了治疗急性和慢性伤口，已经鉴定、测试和采用了许多伤口愈合材料。其中包括局部敷料，如纱布，以及天然和仿生材料。然而，这些材料中没有一种成功地模拟了人体自身伤口愈合材料（血凝块）的复杂和动态特性。具体而言，血凝块表现出复杂的机械和生物化学性质，这些性质在空间和时间尺度上变化以引导伤口愈合反应，这使它们成为理想的伤口愈合材料。在本文中，我们回顾了血凝块复杂的机械和生化特性，回顾了当前的伤口愈合材料，并确定了新材料可以提供额外功能的机会，特别关注水凝胶。我们强调了合成水凝胶的最新发展，使它们能够模仿更大的血凝块特征子集：作为栓塞和组织修复的刺激。我们的结论是，未来的水凝胶材料，旨在模仿血凝块的生物化学，力学和建筑可以与令人兴奋的血小板样颗粒相结合，作为止血剂，也促进生物伤口愈合反应。因此，我们认为合成水凝胶是解决对更好的伤口愈合材料的明确需求的理想候选物。
Excessive bleeding—or hemorrhage—causes millions of civilian and non-civilian casualties every year. Additionally, wound sequelae, such as infections, are a significant source of chronic morbidity, even if the initial bleeding is successfully stopped. To treat acute and chronic wounds, numerous wound healing materials have been identified, tested, and adopted. Among them are topical dressings, such as gauzes, as well as natural and biomimetic materials. However, none of these materials successfully mimic the complex and dynamic properties of the body’s own wound healing material: the blood clot. Specifically, blood clots exhibit complex mechanical and biochemical properties that vary across spatial and temporal scales to guide the wound healing response, which make them the ideal wound healing material. In this manuscript, we review blood clots’ complex mechanical and biochemical properties, review current wound healing materials, and identify opportunities where new materials can provide additional functionality, with a specific focus on hydrogels. We highlight recent developments in synthetic hydrogels that make them capable of mimicking a larger subset of blood clot features: as plugs and as stimuli for tissue repair. We conclude that future hydrogel materials designed to mimic blood clot biochemistry, mechanics, and architecture can be combined with exciting platelet-like particles to serve as hemostats that also promote the biological wound healing response. Thus, we believe synthetic hydrogels are ideal candidates to address the clear need for better wound healing materials.