Chapter 1. Introduction: Touch and cognition
Chapter 1. Introduction: Touch and cognition
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第一章简介：触觉与认知
DOI：
10.1075/aicr.53.02hat
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Y. Hatwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Hatwell
有没有可能仅仅通过触摸就知道一件事？在某些情况下，这样做是否有用，而且确实是必要的？触摸是一种情态，从认知的角度来看，它的作用导致了不同的、甚至是矛盾的欣赏。由于获取环境和物体属性的空间知识在很大程度上与视觉是多余的，它允许盲人在日常生活中获得一定的自主性。因此，它被认为是一种强大而有效的工具。另一方面，在视力正常的人身上，视觉的支配似乎是如此完整，以至于触摸看起来像是一种次要的感觉，其用处仅限于某些特定领域，例如基于矫正的鞋垫控制姿势或抓住物体以移动或改变它们。触觉知觉中的工作过程同样受到不同的评价。在1960年的《S和70年代的S》中，继1969年和1966年的杰森·吉布森的工作之后，研究人员倾向于将注意力集中在所有知觉模式的共同方面，特别是触觉和视觉。相比之下，最近的研究强调了这一知觉系统的具体特征。此外，今天在脑成像方法和神经心理学方面取得的进步使我们能够更好地研究这种方式是如何发挥作用的，以及它如何与其他信息来源相结合。在80年代的S和90年代初，已经发表了一些关于触觉领域的作品的评论(Hatwell 1986；Heller&Schiff 1991；Millar 1994；Streri 1993)。但知识进化得很快，我们的目的是总结目前已知的关于触觉知觉过程的知识，以及这一感觉与其他感觉，特别是与视觉的关系。
Is it possible to know something just by touching it? Is it useful, and indeed necessary to do so in certain cases? Touch is a modality whose function, from a cognitive point of view, has given rise to diverse and even contradictory appreciations. Because it is largely redundant with vision for the acquisition of spatial knowledge of the environment and the object properties, it allows blind people to acquire a certain autonomy in their everyday life. Therefore, it is considered as a powerful and effective tool. On the other hand, the dominance of vision seems so complete in normally sighted people that touch appears as a minor sense which usefulness is restricted to some particular domains, such as the control of posture based on corrective insoles or the grasping of objects in order to move or transform them.The processes at work in the tactile perception have similarly been subjected to diverging evaluations. In the 1960’s and 70’s, following the work of EJ Gibson (1969) and of JJ Gibson (1966), researchers tended to concentrate on those aspects common to all the perceptual modalities, and in particular common to touch and vision. By contrast, more recent studies have emphasized the specific character of this perceptual system. Moreover, progress made in cerebral imagery methods and in neuropsychology today permits a finer approach to how this modality functions and how it is integrated with other sources of information. Some reviews of the works in this field of haptic perception had already been published in the 80’s and at the beginning of the 90’s (Hatwell 1986; Heller & Schiff 1991; Millar 1994; Streri 1993). But knowledge evolves rapidly and it is our intention to summarize what is currently known about the tactile perceptual processes and the relations that this sense has with the other senses, particularly with vision.