Railway vehicle performance optimisation using virtual homologation
Railway vehicle performance optimisation using virtual homologation
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DOI：
10.1080/00423114.2016.1196821
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
H. Magalhães;José Madeira;J. Ambrósio;J. Pombo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Magalhães;José Madeira;J. Ambrósio;J. Pombo
与设计用于在不同类型的道路上行驶的常规机动车辆不同，铁路车辆在其生命周期中主要在相同的路线上行驶。为了接受铁路车辆在特定网络中的运行，需要根据当地标准法规进行认证过程。在欧洲，用于铁路车辆验收的标准EN 14363和UIC 518要求进行轨道测试和/或数值模拟。使用虚拟认证的一个重要优点是通过研究不同运行条件下的铁路车辆性能，降低了与轨道测试相关的高成本。这项工作提出了一种改进铁路车辆设计的方法，其目标是通过优化在选定的铁路轨道上运行。车辆改进所需的分析是在优化方法的控制下进行的，使用直接搜索进行全局和局部优化。为了量化车辆的性能，提出了一个新的目标函数，其中包括：动态性能指数，定义为从虚拟认证过程中获得的指数的加权和;非补偿加速度，这是有关的操作速度;和罚款与车辆的情况下，根据标准提出了一个不可接受的动态行为。因此，优化过程不仅旨在提高车辆在运行安全性和乘坐质量方面的质量，而且还通过减少行程时间来提高车辆可用性，同时确保其在标准下的操作验收。设计变量包括车辆的悬架特性和运行速度，允许在可接受的变化范围内变化。优化的结果导致目标函数的全局最小值，其中车辆的悬架特性对于轨道是最佳的，最大运行速度增加，同时车辆的安全性和行驶质量测量，如由认证标准定义的，保持在可接受的值或改善。
ABSTRACT Unlike regular automotive vehicles, which are designed to travel in different types of roads, railway vehicles travel mostly in the same route during their life cycle. To accept the operation of a railway vehicle in a particular network, a homologation process is required according to local standard regulations. In Europe, the standards EN 14363 and UIC 518, which are used for railway vehicle acceptance, require on-track tests and/or numerical simulations. An important advantage of using virtual homologation is the reduction of the high costs associated with on-track tests by studying the railway vehicle performance in different operation conditions. This work proposes a methodology for the improvement of railway vehicle design with the objective of its operation in selected railway tracks by using optimisation. The analyses required for the vehicle improvement are performed under control of the optimisation method global and local optimisation using direct search. To quantify the performance of the vehicle, a new objective function is proposed, which includes: a Dynamic Performance Index, defined as a weighted sum of the indices obtained from the virtual homologation process; the non-compensated acceleration, which is related to the operational velocity; and a penalty associated with cases where the vehicle presents an unacceptable dynamic behaviour according to the standards. Thus, the optimisation process intends not only to improve the quality of the vehicle in terms of running safety and ride quality, but also to increase the vehicle availability via the reduction of the time for a journey while ensuring its operational acceptance under the standards. The design variables include the suspension characteristics and the operational velocity of the vehicle, which are allowed to vary in an acceptable range of variation. The results of the optimisation lead to a global minimum of the objective function in which the suspensions characteristics of the vehicle are optimal for the track, the maximum operational velocity is increased while the safety and ride quality measures of the vehicle, as defined by homologation standards, are either maintained in acceptable values or improved.