Source of Nitrous Oxide Emissions during the Cow Manure Composting Process as Revealed by Isotopomer Analysis of and amoA Abundance in Betaproteobacterial Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria
Source of Nitrous Oxide Emissions during the Cow Manure Composting Process as Revealed by Isotopomer Analysis of and amoA Abundance in Betaproteobacterial Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01394-09
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Yoshida, Naohiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maeda, Koki;Toyoda, Sakae;Yoshida, Naohiro
通过对β-变形菌氨氧化菌的分子分析和N2 O同位素分析，研究了牛粪堆肥过程中N2 O的排放来源。在堆肥堆体表层，尤其是顶部，检测到大量的NO2--N和NO3--N以及类似亚硝化单胞菌的amoA基因，表明这些氨氧化细菌（AOB）对堆肥堆体表层的硝化作用有重要贡献。然而，不对称N2 O分子内的N-15位点偏好性（SP = Δ N-15（alpha）Δ N-15（beta），其中N-15（alpha）和N-15（beta）分别代表氮原子中心和末端的N-15/N-14比率）表明，堆肥刚被翻堆后的N2 O排放源主要来自反硝化过程。在此基础上，确定了翻堆后累积的NO2--N或NO3--N的减少是N2 O排放的主要来源。的网站偏好和散装三角洲N-15的结果也表明，N2 O的还原率相对较低，和增加的值的网站偏好表明，硝化主要发生在桩的表层部分促成了N2 O排放之间的车削。
A molecular analysis of betaproteobacterial ammonia oxidizers and a N2O isotopomer analysis were conducted to study the sources of N2O emissions during the cow manure composting process. Much NO2--N and NO3--N and the Nitrosomonas europaea-like amoA gene were detected at the surface, especially at the top of the composting pile, suggesting that these ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) significantly contribute to the nitrification which occurs at the surface layer of compost piles. However, the N-15 site preference within the asymmetric N2O molecule (SP = delta N-15(alpha) delta N-15(beta), where N-15(alpha) and N-15(beta) represent the N-15/N-14 ratios at the center and end sites of the nitrogen atoms, respectively) indicated that the source of N2O emissions just after the compost was turned originated mainly from the denitrification process. Based on these results, the reduction of accumulated NO2--N or NO3--N after turning was identified as the main source of N2O emissions. The site preference and bulk delta N-15 results also indicate that the rate of N2O reduction was relatively low, and an increased value for the site preference indicates that the nitrification which occurred mainly in the surface layer of the pile partially contributed to N2O emissions between the turnings.