Sex and race differences in fat distribution among Asian, African-American, and Caucasian prepubertal children
Sex and race differences in fat distribution among Asian, African-American, and Caucasian prepubertal children
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DOI：
10.1210/jc.87.5.2164
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Gallagher, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Q;Horlick, M;Gallagher, D
脂肪分布的性别二态性被认为是在青春期出现的。躯干或机器人体脂肪分布是成年男性的特征，但也被认为是人类心血管危险因素。躯干脂肪的种族差异在成年人中非常明显，并且在青春期前的儿童中也有描述，但在亚洲人和其他种族群体之间则不然。这项针对非裔美国人、亚洲人和白种人青春期前儿童的研究目的是评估身体脂肪分布的性别差异和种族差异。在一项横断面研究中，采用协方差分析来探讨 358 名青春期前儿童（176 名女孩和 182 名男孩；143 名亚洲人、95 名非裔美国人和 120 名白种人）的脂肪分布，通过皮褶厚度和双能 X 射线吸收测定法 (DXA) 进行测量。分别调整躯干或机器人脂肪以及包括年龄、体重、身高和相互作用在内的协变量后，评估四肢和雌性脂肪量。在亚洲儿童中，仅通过 DXA 测定的雌性脂肪模型中存在性别差异（P < 0.001），女孩的雌性脂肪含量高于男孩。在非裔美国人和白人儿童中，通过两种方法测量的四肢和女性脂肪量模型中都存在性别差异。在女孩中，亚洲人的调整后四肢和雌性脂肪普遍低于白人和非裔美国人。在男孩中，亚洲人的 DXA 调整后四肢脂肪含量低于白人（P < 0.01），但皮褶处的女性女性脂肪含量高于非洲裔美国人（P < 0.01）。这项针对青春期前儿童的研究表明：1）青春期前儿童体内脂肪分布存在性别差异，但亚洲人的具体特征不同于非裔美国人和白种人；2）与非裔美国人和白种人相比，亚洲儿童的体脂肪分布存在差异，但因性别而异。对非裔美国人、亚洲人和白种人青春期前儿童的比较表明了表型差异。需要进行更多研究来探讨这些发现对代谢和健康风险的影响。
Sexual dimorphism in fat distribution is thought to emerge during puberty. Truncal or android body fat distribution is characteristic of adult males but is also recognized as a human cardiovascular risk factor. Race differences in truncal fat are clearly evident in adults and have been described in prepubertal children but not between Asians and other race groups. The aim of this study in African-American, Asian, and Caucasian prepubertal children was to evaluate sex differences and race differences in body fat distribution. Analysis of covariance was used to explore fat distribution in 358 prepubertal children (176 girls and 182 boys; 143 Asians, 95 African-Americans, and 120 Caucasians), measured by skinfold thickness and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in a cross-sectional study. Extremity and gynoid fat masses were evaluated after adjustment for trunk or android fat, respectively, and for covariates including age, weight, height, and interactions. In Asian children, sex differences were present in models for gynoid fat by DXA only (P < 0.001), with girls having greater gynoid fat than boys. In African-American and Caucasian children, sex differences were present in models for extremity and gynoid fat masses, measured by both methods. Among girls, Asians had generally lower adjusted extremity and gynoid fat than Caucasians and African-Americans. Among boys, Asians had lower adjusted extremity fat by DXA than Caucasians (P < 0.01) but greater gynoid fat by skinfolds than African-Americans (P < 0.01). This study of prepubertal children demonstrates that: 1) sex differences in body fat distribution are present in prepubertal children but that the specific characteristics for Asians differ from African-Americans and Caucasians, and 2) differences in body fat distribution in Asian children, compared with African-Americans and Caucasians, are present but vary by sex. This comparison of African-American, Asian, and Caucasian prepubertal children suggests phenotypic differences. Additional studies are needed to explore the metabolic and health risk implications of these findings.