Flies and humans share a motion estimation strategy that exploits natural scene statistics.

Flies and humans share a motion estimation strategy that exploits natural scene statistics.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.3600
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发表时间:
2014-02
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Clandinin, Thomas R.
Clandinin, Thomas R.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Clark, Damon A.;Fitzgerald, James E.;Ales, Justin M.;Gohl, Daryl M.;Silies, Marion A.;Norcia, Anthony M.;Clandinin, Thomas R.

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有视力的动物通过处理落在视网膜上的光的时空模式来从视觉场景中提取运动信息。用于运动估计的主要模型仅利用空间和时间中的点对之间的强度相关性。然而,移动的自然场景包含更复杂的相关性。在这里,我们表明,苍蝇和人类的视觉系统编码的组合方向和对比度极性的移动边缘使用三重相关性,提高在自然环境中的运动估计。这两个物种提取三重相关性与神经基板调整为亮或暗的边缘,和特定的三重相关性的敏感性被保留,即使光和暗的边缘运动信号相结合。因此,这两个物种分别处理亮和暗图像对比度,以捕获可以提高估计精度的运动签名。这种惊人的趋同性表明,自然场景中的统计结构深刻地影响了视觉处理,在5亿年的进化中推动了一种共同的计算策略。
Sighted animals extract motion information from visual scenes by processing spatiotemporal patterns of light falling on the retina. The dominant models for motion estimation exploit intensity correlations only between pairs of points in space and time. Moving natural scenes, however, contain more complex correlations. Here we show that fly and human visual systems encode the combined direction and contrast polarity of moving edges using triple correlations that enhance motion estimation in natural environments. Both species extract triple correlations with neural substrates tuned for light or dark edges, and sensitivity to specific triple correlations is retained even as light and dark edge motion signals are combined. Thus, both species separately process light and dark image contrasts to capture motion signatures that can improve estimation accuracy. This striking convergence argues that statistical structures in natural scenes have profoundly affected visual processing, driving a common computational strategy over 500 million years of evolution.
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