Experimental analysis of the effect of taxes and subsides on calories purchased in an on-line supermarket
Experimental analysis of the effect of taxes and subsides on calories purchased in an on-line supermarket
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2015.06.020
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Paluch, Rocco A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Epstein, Leonard H.;Finkelstein, Eric;Paluch, Rocco A.
税收和补贴是改善所购食品营养质量的公共卫生办法。虽然税收或补贴会影响购买，但尚不清楚它们是否会影响所购买食品的总能量或整体饮食质量。采用受试者内设计，对选定的低营养密度食品（如甜饮料、糖果、咸零食）征税，对199名女性购物者的水果、蔬菜和瓶装水给予12.5%或25%的补贴，与通常的价格条件相比。结果表明，税收减少了被征税食品的购买热量（系数= -6.61,Cl = -11.94 ~ -1.28），补贴增加了被补贴食品的购买热量（系数= 13.74,Cl = 8.51 ~ 18.97）。然而，对购买的总热量没有观察到总体影响。税收和补贴都与购买谷物的热量减少有关（税收：系数= -6.58,Cl = -11.91至-1.24，补贴：系数= -12.86,Cl = -18.08至-7.63），补贴与购买杂项食品（主要是脂肪、油和糖）的热量减少有关（系数= -7.40,CI = -12.62至-2.17）。补贴提高了所购食品的营养质量（系数= 0.14,Cl = 0.07 ~ 0.21）。这些结果表明，税收和补贴会影响被征税或补贴产品的能源购买，但不会影响总能源购买。然而，补贴对营养质量的改善表明，定价可以改变所购买食品的营养质量。需要进行研究，以评估基于营养质量的差别定价策略是否与所购食品的热量减少和营养质量改善有关。(C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Taxes and subsidies are a public health approach to improving nutrient quality of food purchases. While taxes or subsidies influence purchasing, it is unclear whether they influence total energy or overall diet quality of foods purchased. Using a within subjects design, selected low nutrient dense foods (e.g. sweetened beverages, candy, salty snacks) were taxed, and fruits and vegetables and bottled water were subsidized by 12.5% or 25% in comparison to a usual price condition for 199 female shoppers in an experimental store. Results showed taxes reduced calories purchased of taxed foods (coefficient = -6.61, Cl = -11.94 to -1.28) and subsidies increased calories purchased of subsidized foods (coefficient = 13.74, Cl = 8.51 to 18.97). However, no overall effect was observed on total calories purchased. Both taxes and subsidies were associated with a reduction in calories purchased for grains (taxes: coefficient = -6.58, Cl = -11.91 to -1.24, subsidies: coefficient = -12.86, Cl = -18.08 to -7.63) and subsidies were associated with a reduction in calories purchased for miscellaneous foods (coefficient = -7.40, CI = -12.62 to -2.17) (mostly fats, oils and sugars). Subsidies improved the nutrient quality of foods purchased (coefficient = 0.14, Cl = 0.07 to 0.21). These results suggest that taxes and subsidies can influence energy purchased for products taxed or subsidized, but not total energy purchased. However, the improvement in nutrient quality with subsidies indicates that pricing can shift nutritional quality of foods purchased. Research is needed to evaluate if differential pricing strategies based on nutrient quality are associated with reduction in calories and improvement in nutrient quality of foods purchased. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.