A PARADOX IN INTERPRETATION OF GROUP COMPARISONS
A PARADOX IN INTERPRETATION OF GROUP COMPARISONS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/h0025105
复制
发表时间：
1967-01-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
LORD, FM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LORD, FM
在行为研究和其他领域，将协方差分析应用于对先前存在的自然群体的调查是常见的做法。研究工作者通常对某个标准变量（y）感兴趣，并希望考虑到他的群体在某个重要的自变量或”控制”变量（x）上不匹配的事实。在这种情况下，观察到的因变量的差异在逻辑上可能是由自变量的差异引起的，研究人员希望排除这种可能性。人们普遍认为，理想情况下，研究人员应该将病例或个体随机分配到要通过协方差分析进行研究的组中。在行为研究和许多其他领域，这样的随机分配通常是困难的或不可能的，例如，在一个组合中，
It is common practice in behavioral research, and in other areas, to apply the analysis of covariance in the investigation of preexisting natural groups. The research worker is usually interested in some criterion variable (y) and would like to make allowances for the fact that his groups are not matched on some important independent variable or" control" variable (x). The situation is such that observed differences in the dependent variable might logically be caused by differences in the independent variable, and the research worker wishes to rule out this possibility.It is widely recognized that ideally the research worker should assign cases or individuals at random to the groups that are to be studied by analysis of covariance. In behavioral research and in many other areas, such random assignment is usually difficult or impossible—as, for example, in a com-