From top-down to bottom-up: the difficult case of the Blantyre City Fuelwood Project
From top-down to bottom-up: the difficult case of the Blantyre City Fuelwood Project
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DOI：
10.1080/03057070120117006
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Zulu, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalipeni, E;Zulu, L
本文件审查了布兰太尔城市薪材项目-马拉维南部的一个城市周边薪材项目-的经验，这是根据关于自上而下与自下而上的发展办法的利弊的新出现的辩论进行的。在政府直接参与该项目薪材的生产、运输和销售约15年之后，马拉维政府决定将项目种植园的管理权移交给农村土著社区，该项目的主要目标是向城市穷人提供负担得起的薪材。的动机，和早期的结果，这一决定进行了分析。部分原因是最初的项目是以一种普遍疏远这些社区的方式进行的，这种管理权的移交充满了问题。此外，该项目的基本经济问题，这使人们对这些农村社区的假定利益产生了疑问。最后，有人认为，正在建立的体制框架以及农村社区在这一后期阶段参与管理人工林和土著林，虽然用意良好，也许是现有的最佳选择，但仍然显示出自上而下办法的痕迹。目前，该项目是不可持续的，如果没有捐助者的持续支持，也不太可能成功。
This paper examines the experiences of the Blantyre City Fuelwood Project - a peri-urban fuelwood project in southern Malawi - in the light of emerging debates on the pros and cons of top-down versus bottom-up approaches to development. After some fifteen years of direct government involvement in the production, transportation and marketing of fuelwood from this project, which had as its main objective the supplying of affordable fuelwood to the urban poor, the Malawi Government decided to hand over the management of the project plantations to indigenous rural communities. The motivations for, and early outcomes of, this decision are analysed. Partly because the original project had been carried out in a manner that had generally alienated these communities, this transfer of management is beset with problems. Furthermore, the underlying economics of the project are problematical, which calls the supposed benefits to these rural communities into question. In conclusion, it is argued that the institutional framework being put in place, and the involvement of the rural communities in the management of the planted and indigenous woods at this late stage, while well intentioned and perhaps the best option available, still shows vestiges of the top-down approach. Currently the project is unsustainable and is unlikely to succeed without continued donor support.