Zebrafish models of orofacial clefts.

Zebrafish models of orofacial clefts.
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斑马鱼裂口的模型。

DOI:
10.1002/dvdy.24566
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发表时间:
2017-11
期刊:
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Liao EC
Liao EC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Duncan KM;Mukherjee K;Cornell RA;Liao EC

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斑马鱼是一种模式生物,为研究与先天性出生缺陷相关的基因的正常功能提供了实验优势。在这里,我们总结了斑马鱼的研究涉及的基因在orofacial裂缝(OFC)。在这种情况下,斑马鱼最常见的用途是通过抑制其斑马鱼直系同源物的表达来探索OFC相关基因产物在颅面形态发生中的正常功能。最常用的方法是用靶向所需转录物的反义吗啉代寡核苷酸注射胚胎。然而,靶向诱变策略的改进导致了CRISPR/Cas9技术的广泛采用。斑马鱼的第二个应用是用于OFC患者中发现的基因变异的功能测定;这种体内测定是有价值的,因为用于测试等位基因严重性的计算机模拟方法的成功是混合的。最后,斑马鱼已被用于测试增强子的组织特异性,这些增强子具有与OFC风险相关的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)。我们回顾了这些方法中的每一个例子的背景下,涉及综合征型和非综合征型OFC的基因。
Zebrafish is a model organism that affords experimental advantages toward investigating the normal function of genes associated with congenital birth defects. Here we summarize zebrafish studies of genes implicated in orofacial cleft (OFC). The most common use of zebrafish in this context has been to explore the normal function an OFC-associated gene product in craniofacial morphogenesis by inhibiting expression of its zebrafish ortholog. The most frequently deployed method has been to inject embryos with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides targeting the desired transcript. However improvements in targeted mutagenesis strategies have led to widespread adoption of CRISPR/Cas9 technology. A second application of zebrafish has been for functional assays of gene variants found in OFC patients; such in vivo assays are valuable because the success of in silico methods for testing allele severity has been mixed. Finally, zebrafish have been used to test the tissue specificity of enhancers that harbor single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with risk for OFC. We review examples of each of these approaches in the context of genes that are implicated in syndromic and non-syndromic OFC.
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影响因子: 3.5
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