A Formula for the Maximum Vertical Velocity in Supercell Updrafts
A Formula for the Maximum Vertical Velocity in Supercell Updrafts
复制标题
超级单体上升气流中最大垂直速度的公式
DOI:
10.1175/jas-d-20-0103.1
复制
发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Thompson, Richard L.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Peters, John M.;Morrison, Hugh;Nowotarski, Christopher J.;Mulholland, Jake P.;Thompson, Richard L.
In supercell environments, previous authors have shown strong connections between the vertical wind shear magnitude, updraft width, and entrainment. Based on these results, it is hypothesized that the influences of entrainment-driven dilution on buoyancy and maximum updraft vertical velocitywin supercell environments are a predictable function of the vertical wind shear profile. It is also hypothesized that the influences of pressure perturbation forces on maximum updraftware small because of a nearly complete offset between upward dynamic pressure forces and downward buoyant pressure forces. To address these hypotheses, we derive a formula for the maximum updraftwthat incorporates the effects of entrainment-driven dilution on buoyancy but neglects pressure gradient forces. Solutions to this formula are compared with output from previous numerical simulations. This formula substantially improves predictions of maximum updraftwover past CAPE-derived formulas for maximum updraftw, which supports the first hypothesis. Furthermore, integrated vertical accelerations along trajectories show substantial offsets between dynamic and buoyant pressure forces, supporting the second hypothesis. It is argued that the new formula should be used in addition to CAPE-derived measures forwin forecast and research applications when accurate diagnosis of updraft speed is required.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
J. Naylor;M. Gilmore
通讯作者:
M. Gilmore
影响因子:
3.2
作者:
R. Warren;H. Richter;H. Ramsay;S. Siems;M. Manton
通讯作者:
M. Manton
影响因子:
3.1
作者:
Peters, John M.;Nowotarski, Christopher J.;Mullendore, Gretchen L.
通讯作者:
Mullendore, Gretchen L.
影响因子:
3.1
作者:
J. Peters;H. Morrison;A. Varble;W. Hannah;S. Giangrande
通讯作者:
S. Giangrande
影响因子:
3.1
作者:
H. Morrison;J. Peters
通讯作者:
J. Peters