CAREGIVING AND CONTEXTUAL SOURCES OF CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN ATTACHMENT SECURITY FROM INFANCY TO LATE ADOLESCENCE
CAREGIVING AND CONTEXTUAL SOURCES OF CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN ATTACHMENT SECURITY FROM INFANCY TO LATE ADOLESCENCE
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/mono.12114
复制
发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Cox, Martha J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Booth-LaForce, Cathryn;Groh, Ashley M.;Cox, Martha J.
主要照顾者构成了安全或不安全依恋关系以及更普遍的内部依恋工作模型发展的基础。随着时间的推移，在亲子关系质量相对稳定的条件下，该模型得到了强化。假设模型的更新会随着发育变化而发生，但理论上其相对稳定性是通过看护者与儿童互动模式的日益自动化以及这些习惯模式引起的儿童的积极或消极感知偏差来确保的（Bowlby，1969/1982）。尽管如此，在充满压力的生活环境和/或不断变化的亲子关系质量下，依恋安全感不太可能稳定。也就是说，改变习惯模式的压力源、孩子对父母的可用性的期望，或者父母的实际可用性和敏感性可能会成为不安全感变化的推动者。同样，护理质量和/或生活环境的改善有望朝积极的方向改变安全性（Waters、Weinfield 等人，2000 年）。
primary caregivers form the basis for the development of a secure or insecure attachment relationship, as well as a more generalized internal working model of attachment. This model is reinforced under conditions of relative stability in parent-child relationship quality over time. Updates to the model are hypothesized to occur with developmental change, but its relative stability is theorized to be ensured by the increasing automatization of caregiver-child interaction patterns as well as the child's positive or negative perceptual biases arising from these habitual patterns (Bowlby, 1969/1982). Nonetheless, under stressful life circumstances and/or changing parent-child relationship quality, attachment security is less likely to be stable. That is, stressors that alter habitual patterns, the child's expectation of the parent's availability, or the parent's actual availability and sensitivity may serve as agents of change toward insecurity. Similarly, improvements in caregiving quality and/or life circumstances would be expected to modify security in a positive direction (Waters, Weinfield, et al., 2000).