A cornucopia of cryptic species - a DNA barcode analysis of the gobiid fish genus Trimma (Percomorpha, Gobiiformes)
A cornucopia of cryptic species - a DNA barcode analysis of the gobiid fish genus Trimma (Percomorpha, Gobiiformes)
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神秘物种的聚宝盆 - 戈壁鱼属 Trimma（Percomorpha、Gobiiformes）的 DNA 条形码分析
作者：
R. Winterbottom;R. Hanner;M. Burridge;Margaret Zur
摘要通过对虎鱼属（Trimma）52个种（包括4个已知但未正式命名的种）473个标本的线粒体5'细胞色素c氧化酶I基因（DNA条形码）部分序列的遗传分析，揭示了94个遗传谱系的存在。每个谱系通过> 2%的序列分歧分开。因此，考虑到> 2%的差异值是不同鱼类物种的典型差异，另外有42个单倍型群可识别为临时候选物种。根据我们的经验，如此高程度的明显不同的神秘物种在脊椎动物中几乎是前所未有的。这些结果在少数情况下促进了进一步的形态学研究，发现了独立证实遗传结果的细微差异。然而，这样的努力是有限的，缺乏传统的系统学家进行必要的耗时，非常详细的形态学研究。在某些情况下，我们提出的遗传结果是一致的，并确认，基于形态和/或颜色模式的微小分类区别。在其他情况下，被认为是一个单一物种的物种由几个遗传谱系组成--例如，我们根据形态学确定的冲绳长臂猿（Trimma okinawae）多达8个。我们的采样中潜在物种从52种增加到94种，使该属的预测物种总数从约110种增加到近200种（而目前已知的有效描述物种为73种）。
Abstract A genetic analysis of partial mitochondrial 5’ cytochrome c oxidase I gene (DNA barcode) sequences of 473 specimens assigned to 52 morphological species (including four known, but not formally named, species) of the gobiid genus Trimma revealed the presence of 94 genetic lineages. Each lineage was separated by > 2% sequence divergence. Thus there were an additional 42 haplogroups recognizable as provisional candidate species given that a value of > 2% difference is typical of different species of fishes. Such a high degree of apparently different cryptic species is, in our experience, virtually unprecedented among vertebrates. These results have precipitated further morphological research in a few cases, which has uncovered subtle differences independently corroborating the genetic results. However, such efforts are limited by the dearth of traditional systematists available to undertake the necessary time-consuming, and highly detailed, morphological research. In some cases, the genetic results we present are consistent with, and confirm, minor taxonomic distinctions based on morphology and/or colour pattern. In other instances, what had been recognized as a single species consists of several genetic lineages - up to eight in, for example, what we have identified based on morphology as Trimma okinawae. The increase from 52 to 94 potential species in our sampling raises the predicted total number of species in this genus from about 110 to nearly 200 (versus the 73 valid described species currently recognized).