Risk factors for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in the offspring of young women: Exposure to young children and recent onset of sexual activity
Risk factors for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in the offspring of young women: Exposure to young children and recent onset of sexual activity
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2005-1142
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Pass, Robert F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fowler, Karen B.;Pass, Robert F.
目标。母亲巨细胞病毒感染的两个公认来源是幼儿和性行为。以前的研究评估了母亲接触幼儿或性活动，但这些研究没有评估这两种母亲巨细胞病毒来源是否都会导致育龄妇女感染高发人群中先天性巨细胞病毒感染的增加。我们这项研究的目的是调查母亲通过幼儿和性行为接触巨细胞病毒是否会增加其后代先天性巨细胞病毒感染的风险。方法：1992年12月至1998年7月，对来自美国亚利桑那州伯明翰分娩人群的519名妇女进行了一项病例对照研究，以衡量母亲巨细胞病毒暴露与其婴儿先天性巨细胞病毒感染风险的关系。医院常规的新生儿巨细胞病毒筛查证实婴儿患有先天性巨细胞病毒感染。病例(n=150)为先天性巨细胞病毒感染的产妇，对照组(n=369)是从未感染的产妇中随机选择的。暴露调查包括使用标准化的母亲访谈、产前和医学图表提取以及巨细胞病毒感染的实验室确认。结果：先天性巨细胞病毒感染与分娩前一年对学龄前儿童的照顾、分娩前两年的性行为开始、孕期性传播疾病、家庭规模和母亲年龄25岁有显著相关性。在分娩前一年照顾学龄前儿童并在分娩前两年内性生活活跃的妇女，其分娩婴儿患有先天性巨细胞病毒感染的风险最高。结论：照顾幼儿和最近开始的性行为增加了年轻女性后代先天性巨细胞病毒感染的风险。
OBJECTIVE. Two recognized sources of maternal cytomegalovirus infection are young children and sexual activity. Previous studies evaluated either maternal exposures to young children or sexual activity, but these studies did not evaluate whether both of these maternal cytomegalovirus sources contribute to increases in congenital cytomegalovirus infections within populations with a high prevalence of infection among women of childbearing age. Our objective with this study was to investigate whether maternal cytomegalovirus exposure through young children and by sexual activity increases the risk for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in their offspring.METHODS. A case-control study of 519 women from a delivery population in Birmingham, AL, between December 1992 and July 1998 was undertaken to measure the association between maternal cytomegalovirus exposures and an increased risk for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in their infants. Routine newborn cytomegalovirus screening at the hospital identified infants with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. The cases (n = 150) were women who delivered an infant with congenital cytomegalovirus infection, and the control subjects (n = 369) were randomly selected from the delivery population of women whose newborns were uninfected. Investigation of exposures included using a standardized maternal interview, prenatal and medical chart abstraction, and laboratory confirmation of cytomegalovirus infection.RESULTS. Significant associations between congenital cytomegalovirus infection and caring for preschool children in the year before delivery, onset of sexual activity < 2 years before delivery, sexually transmitted diseases during pregnancy, household size > 3 people, and maternal age < 25 years were identified. Women who cared for preschool children in the year before delivery and also became sexually active within the 2 years before delivery were at greatest risk for delivering an infant with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.CONCLUSIONS. Caring for young children and recent onset of sexual activity contribute to an increased risk for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in the offspring of young women.