An analysis of the association between respiratory symptoms in subjects with asthma and daily air pollution in Spokane, Washington
An analysis of the association between respiratory symptoms in subjects with asthma and daily air pollution in Spokane, Washington
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DOI：
10.1080/08958370490506646
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Koenig, JQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mar, TF;Larson, TV;Koenig, JQ
呼吸道症状与周围颗粒物（PM）空气污染水平之间的关系一直是几项小组研究的重点。大多数研究仅关注PM10，进行的时间相对较短，报告了峰值流量数据，并涉及哮喘儿童。本研究的目的是评估不同粒径的颗粒物（PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0和PM粗粒级）对成人和儿童哮喘患者呼吸道症状的影响。收集呼吸道症状和药物使用的每日日记数据。空气污染数据由当地空气管理局和华盛顿州立大学收集。数据收集在斯波坎，华盛顿州，一个半干旱的城市与不同来源的颗粒物，包括机动车，柴炉，农业燃烧，再悬浮的道路灰尘，沙尘暴。居住在斯波坎的16名成年人和9名儿童参加了这项研究。大多数成年受试者参加了1年以上，儿童的研究超过8个月。在儿童中，我们发现咳嗽与PM10、PM2.5、PM粗粒级和PM1.0之间有很强的相关性（p <0.05）。痰液产生和流鼻涕与PM10和粗粒级有关。然而，在成人受试者中，任何呼吸道症状的存在与任何PM度量之间没有发现关联。PM的各种指标与儿童呼吸道症状之间的这些正相关表明，儿童对PM空气污染水平增加的影响比成人更敏感，或者中央站点监测器更能代表户外时间比成人长的儿童。这些发现还表明，较大和较小的颗粒都可能加重哮喘症状。
The association between respiratory symptoms and ambient levels of particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been the focus of several panel studies. The majority of studies focused only on PM10, were conducted for relatively short periods, reported peak flow data, and involved children with asthma. The goal of our study was to evaluate the effect of particulate matter of various size fractions (PM10, PM2.5, PM1.0, and PM coarse fraction) on respiratory symptoms in both adults and children with asthma monitored over many months. Daily diary data on respiratory symptoms and medication use were collected. Air pollution data were collected by the local air agency and Washington State University. Data were collected in Spokane, WA, a semiarid city with diverse sources of particulate matter, including motor vehicles, woodstoves, agricultural burning, resuspended road dust, and dust storms. Sixteen adults and nine children living in Spokane participated in the study. The majority of adult subjects participated for over 1 yr and the children were studied for over 8 mo. In the children, we found a strong association between cough and PM10, PM2.5, PM coarse fraction, and PM1.0 (p < .05). Sputum production and runny nose were associated with PM10 and coarse fraction. However, no association was found between the presence of any respiratory symptom any PM metric in the adult subjects. These positive associations between various metrics of PM and respiratory symptoms in children suggest that children are more sensitive than adults to the effects of increased levels of PM air pollution or that the central site monitor was more representative for children who spend more time outdoors than adults. These findings also suggest that both larger and smaller particles can aggravate asthma symptoms.