Cigarette smoking and psychiatric disorder in a community sample.
Cigarette smoking and psychiatric disorder in a community sample.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3109/10401239909147061
复制
发表时间：
1999-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Coryell, W H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Black, D W;Zimmerman, M;Coryell, W H
我们在非患者样本中检查了吸烟者和不吸烟者的终生精神疾病患病率。精神病患者的一级亲属 (n = 697) 和正常对照组 (n = 360) 接受了诊断访谈计划和 DSM-III 人格障碍结构化访谈的访谈。通过这些访谈，我们诊断出了主要的精神（第一轴）障碍和人格（第二轴）障碍。吸烟者被定义为在一生中的某个时间每天吸烟一个月或更长时间的人。我们发现，吸烟者更常有重度抑郁症、酒精和药物滥用/依赖、广场恐惧症、情绪不稳定/表现不佳以及焦虑/恐惧型人格障碍的终生病史。在逻辑回归分析中，与吸烟状况独立相关的唯一显着变量是酒精和药物使用障碍。年龄是一个重要的调节变量——吸烟与疾病的关系在最年轻的年龄组中很明显，而在最年长的组中则可以忽略不计。我们得出的结论是，吸烟者的情绪、焦虑、药物滥用和人格障碍的发生率增加。然而，在控制了这些疾病之间的共病后，只有酒精和药物滥用/依赖与吸烟独立相关。年轻吸烟者的物质使用障碍发生率特别高。这种年龄效应可能反映了四分之一世纪健康教育的影响。
We examined the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in cigarette smokers and nonsmokers in a non-patient sample. First-degree relatives of psychiatric patients (n = 697) and normal controls (n = 360) were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders. Using these interviews we diagnosed the major mental (Axis I) disorders and personality (Axis II) disorders. A cigarette smoker was defined as someone who smoked daily for a month or more at some time in their lives. We found that smokers more frequently had a lifetime history of major depression, alcohol and drug abuse/dependence, agoraphobia, unstable/acting out and anxious/fearful personality disorders. In a logistic regression analysis, the only significant variables independently associated with smoking status were the alcohol and drug use disorders. Age was an important modifying variable--the smoking-illness relationship was robust in the youngest age cohort and negligible in the oldest cohort. We conclude that cigarette smokers have increased rates of mood, anxiety, substance use, and personality disorders. However, after controlling for the comorbidity among the disorders only alcohol and drug abuse/dependence were independently associated with smoking. Young smokers had particularly high rates of substance use disorders. This age effect may reflect the impact of a quarter century of health education.