Chicken RFamide-related peptide (GnIH) and two distinct receptor subtypes: Identification, molecular characterization, and evolutionary considerations
Chicken RFamide-related peptide (GnIH) and two distinct receptor subtypes: Identification, molecular characterization, and evolutionary considerations
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DOI：
10.1262/jrd.16087
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Park, MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ikemoto, T;Park, MK
RFamide相关肽（RFRPs）调节脊椎动物中各种垂体激素的释放。RFRPs的功能在动物种类之间如何变化以及脊椎动物RFRPs是否彼此正交并属于同一个肽家族是完全未知的。本报告涉及禽RFRP（促性腺激素抑制激素，GnIH）从鸡的鉴定。全染色体同线保守性证明了脊椎动物RFRPs之间的直向同源关系。将RFRP的共有基序修饰为Pro-Xaa-Arg-Phe-NH 2。我们还描述了两种不同类型的非哺乳动物RFRP（RFRPR和NPFFR）从鸡的受体的第一次鉴定。氨基酸比较显示，脊椎动物类之间的受体的两端有很大的差异。鸡RFRPR和NPFFR基因5 '端侧翼区在垂体中表达，RT-PCR分析证实了这一点。鸡RFRP及其受体的定位与哺乳动物不同。这些结果表明，鸟类RFRP，不像哺乳动物，直接作用于垂体通过受体调节促性腺激素的释放。也有人认为，功能差异，特别是鸟类和哺乳动物之间的RFRP，主要是由于其受体的结构和表达位点的分歧。
RFamide-related peptides (RFRPs) regulate the release of various pituitary hormones in vertebrates. It is completely unknown how the functions of RFRPs vary among animal classes and whether vertebrate RFRPs are orthologous to each other and belong to the same peptide family. This report concerns identification of avian RFRP (gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, GnIH) from the chicken. Chromosome-wide synteny conservation demonstrated the orthologous relationships among vertebrate RFRPs. The consensus motif for RFRP was modified to Pro-Xaa-Arg-Phe-NH2. We also describe the first identification of two distinct types of receptors for non-mammalian RFRP (RFRPR and NPFFR) from the chicken. Amino acid comparison revealed substantial differences in both termini of receptors among classes of vertebrates. The 5'-flanking regions of chicken RFRPR and NPFFR suggested their expressions in the pituitary gland, and this was confirmed by the RT-PCR analysis. Localizations of both chicken RFRP and its receptors were distinct from those of mammals. These results indicated that avian RFRP, unlike the mammalian one, directly acts on the pituitary gland via receptors to regulate gonadotropin release. It was also suggested that functional differences, especially between avian and mammalian RFRPs, are substantially due to divergences in the structures and expression sites of their receptors.