Host specificity and risk assessment of releasing the decapitating fly Pseudacteon curvatus as a classical biocontrol agent for imported fire ants.
Host specificity and risk assessment of releasing the decapitating fly Pseudacteon curvatus as a classical biocontrol agent for imported fire ants.
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DOI：
10.1006/bcon.2000.0843
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发表时间：
2000-09
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
S. Porter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Porter
为了确定该物种是否适合在美国作为一种典型的进口火蚁生物防治剂释放，研究了曲头蝇（Pseudacteon curvatus）的宿主特异性。对12属19种蚂蚁进行的一系列无选择试验表明，弧度线虫在扶桑属以外的蚂蚁中不会发生。在无选择试验中，曲叶蛾对本地火蚁双叶火蚁（Solenopsis geminata）和木火蚁（Solenopsis xyloni）均能成功寄生，但寄生率明显低于进口火蚁invicopsis（分别为invicta的6%和35%）。配对偏好测试表明，与本地火蚁中的任何一种相比，曲蚁对不可胜蚁的偏好是前者的三到四倍。此外，由本地火蚁饲养的苍蝇仍然强烈偏好进口火蚁。弧度弧菌不被蔬菜、水果、肉类、熟食、腐肉或粪便所吸引。本研究表明，弧度蚁的释放对本地火蚁的危害很小。有人认为，这种风险需要与许多其他本地生物的潜在利益相平衡，而且释放这种苍蝇实际上对本地火蚁有利的可能性很大，因为对进口火蚁的影响几乎肯定会比对本地火蚁的影响大得多。
Host specificity of the decapitating fly Pseudacteon curvatus was studied to determine whether this species is suitable for release as a classical biocontrol agent of imported fire ants in the United States. A series of no-choice tests with 19 species of ants from 12 genera showed that P. curvatus will not develop in ants outside the genus Solenopsis. P. curvatus successfully parasitized the native fire ants Solenopsis geminata and Solenopsis xyloni in no-choice tests, but rates of parasitism were considerably less than those with the imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta (6 and 35% of the rate for S. invicta, respectively). Paired preference tests showed that P. curvatus has a three- to fourfold preference for S. invicta over either of the native fire ants. Furthermore, flies reared from native fire ants still strongly preferred imported fire ants. P. curvatus was not attracted to vegetables, fruits, meat, prepared foods, carrion, or dung. This study indicates that release of P. curvatus poses only a small risk to native fire ants. The argument is made that this risk needs to be balanced against potential benefits to numerous other native organisms and a high probability that release of this fly will actually benefit native fire ants because impacts on imported fire ants will almost certainly be much greater than those on native fire ants.