The Culture of the New Capitalism
The Culture of the New Capitalism
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新资本主义文化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Sennett
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作者：
R. Sennett
一个挑衅性和令人不安的方式看新的经济事实正在塑造我们的个人和社会价值观。杰出的社会学家理查德·森尼特（Richard Sennett）考察了早期工业资本主义和正在取代它的更全球化、更狂热、更多变的资本主义之间的主要区别。他展示了这些变化是如何影响日常生活的--职业道德是如何变化的;关于优点和才能的新信念是如何取代关于技艺和成就的旧价值观的; Sennett所说的“无用的幽灵”是如何困扰着专业人士和体力劳动者的;消费和政治之间的界限是如何消失的。近年来，私人和公共机构的改革者都在鼓吹，灵活的全球性公司为个人提供了一种自由的模式，而不像马克斯·韦伯曾称之为“铁笼子”的固定和静态官僚机构。Sennett认为，在消除旧弊病的同时，新经济模式也创造了新的社会和情感创伤。只有某种人才能在不稳定、支离破碎的制度中繁荣：新资本主义的文化要求一种面向短期的理想自我，专注于潜在的能力而不是成就，愿意贬低或放弃过去的经验。在最后一节中，Sennett考察了一种更持久的自我形式，以及什么样的实际举措可以对抗“改革”的有害影响。"
A provocative and disturbing look at the ways new economic facts are shaping our personal and social values. The distinguished sociologist Richard Sennett surveys major differences between earlier forms of industrial capitalism and the more global, more febrile, ever more mutable version of capitalism that is taking its place. He shows how these changes affect everyday life-how the work ethic is changing; how new beliefs about merit and talent displace old values of craftsmanship and achievement; how what Sennett calls "the specter of uselessness" haunts professionals as well as manual workers; how the boundary between consumption and politics is dissolving. In recent years, reformers of both private and public institutions have preached that flexible, global corporations provide a model of freedom for individuals, unlike the experience of fixed and static bureaucracies Max Weber once called an "iron cage." Sennett argues that, in banishing old ills, the new-economy model has created new social and emotional traumas. Only a certain kind of human being can prosper in unstable, fragmentary institutions: the culture of the new capitalism demands an ideal self oriented to the short term, focused on potential ability rather than accomplishment, willing to discount or abandon past experience. In a concluding section, Sennett examines a more durable form of self hood, and what practical initiatives could counter the pernicious effects of "reform."