Element-based optimization of waste ceramic materials and glasses recycling
Element-based optimization of waste ceramic materials and glasses recycling
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.11.012
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Goto, Yoshikazu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daigo, Ichiro;Kiyohara, Shin;Goto, Yoshikazu
许多废弃的陶瓷材料和玻璃(CERG)，如玻璃、混凝土、陶器、瓷器、砖和瓷砖，都被填埋，因为它们被认为不利于回收。为了提高陶瓷材料和玻璃的可回收性，提出了一个最小化CERG材料生产中自然资源消耗的线性模型。该模型侧重于CERG材料中物质的元素含量。该模型以日本的主要工业陶瓷材料为例，包括11种氧化物：Al_2O_3、B_2O_3、CaO、Fe_2O_3、K_2O、MgO、MnO、Na_2O、P_2O_5、SiO_2和TiO_2。除了十一种氧化物体系中的陶瓷材料和玻璃外，本分析还包括将相同的自然资源应用于副产品或废物，如炼铁渣和污水污泥熔融灰烬。在该模型中，以生产目标CERG的自然资源消耗最小为目标，在CERG材料的供需平衡和元素容差范围内，采用线性规划方法对CERG的废物产生和新生产进行评估。发现所提出的模型与材料的特性或材料的用途之间存在两个差异。因此，在案例研究中，几种CERG材料不适用于分析。尽管回收材料的成本限制了回收废CERG的经济可行性，但在分析中没有考虑到经济方面的问题。此外，回收过程中的杂质污染限制了CERG的回收。如果忽略这两个因素(这可能会限制当前的回收系统)，在日本，通过促进回收，CERG目前自然资源消耗的大约三分之二可以减少。此外，通过这些分析可以找到新的可回收途径，例如用于平板玻璃、玻璃瓶和玻璃棉的炼铁渣，以及用于瓷砖的污水污泥熔渣。
Many waste ceramic materials and glasses (CerG) such as glass, concrete, pottery, porcelain, brick, and tiles are landfilled because they have been recognized to be less conducive to recycling. In this study, to enhance the recyclability of ceramic materials and glasses, a linear model to minimize natural resource consumption of CerG materials production is proposed. The model focuses on elementally based contents of substances in the CerG materials. The model demonstrates a case for major industrial ceramic materials consisting of eleven oxides: Al2O3, B2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, K2O, MgO, MnO, Na2O, P2O5, SiO2, and TiO2 in Japan. In addition to the ceramic materials and glasses within the eleven oxide systems, application of the same natural resources to by-products or waste materials such as ironmaking slag and sewage sludge molten ash, are included in this analysis. In the proposed model, for minimizing natural resource consumption to produce the target CerG, linear programming was employed to assess waste generation and new production of CerG, subject to supply and demand balance and elemental tolerance ranges of chemical compositions in CerG materials. Two discrepancies were found between the proposed model and the characteristics of materials or usages of materials. Therefore, in the case study, several kinds of CerG materials were not applicable in the analysis. Even though costs for recovered materials restrict economic feasibility for recycling waste CerG, economic aspects were not taken into consideration in the analysis. In addition, impurity contamination during recovery processes restricts recycling of CerG. If those two factors (which may restrict the current recycling systems) were ignored, around two-thirds of the current natural resource consumption for CerG could be reduced by promoting recycling in the case of Japan. Further, new recyclable paths could be found by those analyses such as ironmaking slag for flat glass, glass bottles, and glass wool; and sewage sludge molten slag for tiles.