Plasmodium-a brief introduction to the parasites causing human malaria and their basic biology.
Plasmodium-a brief introduction to the parasites causing human malaria and their basic biology.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40101-020-00251-9
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发表时间：
2021-01-07
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Sato S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sato S
疟疾是人类最具破坏性的传染病之一。它在临床上和经济上都是有问题的，因为它在较贫穷的国家和地区普遍存在，严重阻碍了社会经济发展。疟疾的病原体是属于疟原虫属的单细胞原生动物寄生虫。这些寄生虫不仅感染人类，也感染其他脊椎动物，从爬行动物和鸟类到哺乳动物。迄今为止，已正式描述了200多种疟原虫，每种疟原虫感染一定范围的宿主。自然感染人类并在世界大面积地区引起疟疾的疟原虫物种仅限于五种-恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫、三日疟原虫、卵形疟原虫和诺氏疟原虫。前四种是人类特有的，而诺氏疟原虫在猕猴中自然存在，并在东南亚广泛引起人畜共患疟疾。疟原虫在脊椎动物宿主之间的传播依赖于昆虫媒介，通常是蚊子。该载体不仅是一个载体，而且是最终宿主，在那里疟原虫物种发生有性繁殖，并且寄生虫在昆虫中的发育对于传播到下一个脊椎动物宿主至关重要。能够支持疟原虫关键发育的昆虫物种的范围取决于单个寄生虫物种，但导致人类疟疾的所有五种疟原虫物种都是由按蚊传播的。疟原虫物种具有显着的遗传灵活性，使它们能够适应环境的变化，使它们有可能迅速对抗疟药等治疗药物产生耐药性，并改变宿主特异性。在这篇文章中，选定的主题涉及疟原虫物种，导致人类疟疾的审查。
Malaria is one of the most devastating infectious diseases of humans. It is problematic clinically and economically as it prevails in poorer countries and regions, strongly hindering socioeconomic development. The causative agents of malaria are unicellular protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium. These parasites infect not only humans but also other vertebrates, from reptiles and birds to mammals. To date, over 200 species of Plasmodium have been formally described, and each species infects a certain range of hosts. Plasmodium species that naturally infect humans and cause malaria in large areas of the world are limited to five—P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi. The first four are specific for humans, while P. knowlesi is naturally maintained in macaque monkeys and causes zoonotic malaria widely in South East Asia. Transmission of Plasmodium species between vertebrate hosts depends on an insect vector, which is usually the mosquito. The vector is not just a carrier but the definitive host, where sexual reproduction of Plasmodium species occurs, and the parasite’s development in the insect is essential for transmission to the next vertebrate host. The range of insect species that can support the critical development of Plasmodium depends on the individual parasite species, but all five Plasmodium species causing malaria in humans are transmitted exclusively by anopheline mosquitoes. Plasmodium species have remarkable genetic flexibility which lets them adapt to alterations in the environment, giving them the potential to quickly develop resistance to therapeutics such as antimalarials and to change host specificity. In this article, selected topics involving the Plasmodium species that cause malaria in humans are reviewed.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Chu CS;White NJ
通讯作者：
White NJ
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
CHIN, W;CONTACOS, PG;KIMBALL, HR
通讯作者：
KIMBALL, HR
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.3.1143
发表时间：
1994-02-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
COWMAN, AF;GALATIS, D;THOMPSON, JK
通讯作者：
THOMPSON, JK
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
AUSTIN, SC;STOLLEY, PD;LASKY, T
通讯作者：
LASKY, T
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Castellini, Meryl A.;Buguliskis, Jeffrey S.;Taraschi, Theodore F.
通讯作者：
Taraschi, Theodore F.