Techno-environmental analysis of battery storage for grid level energy services
Techno-environmental analysis of battery storage for grid level energy services
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2020.110018
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
J. Chowdhury;N. Balta-Ozkan;Pietro Goglio;Yukun Hu;L. Varga;Leah McCabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Chowdhury;N. Balta-Ozkan;Pietro Goglio;Yukun Hu;L. Varga;Leah McCabe
随着越来越多的可再生能源（RES）接入电网，由于RES固有的间歇性和不可预测性，高峰时段的供需平衡将成为越来越大的挑战。当风能和太阳能发电过剩时，电网级电池可以储存能量，并将其放电以满足传统上由联合循环燃气轮机（CCGT）发电厂供应的可变峰值需求。本文从技术和环境角度评估了电池存储取代 CCGT 的潜力，以应对英国当前和未来能源情景 (FES) 的可变峰值需求。技术分析结果显示，假设尺寸针对国家电网提出的不同供需情景进行优化，电池能够分别满足 2016 年、2020 年和 2035 年可变峰值总需求的 6.04%、13.5% 和 29.1%，而 CCGT 电厂则满足其余需求。特别是，要在2035年从英国电网逐步淘汰CCGT可变发电，风能和太阳能的电力供应需要增加到国家电网FES预测供应量的1.33倍。通过简化的生命周期评估 (LCA) 研究和比较用电池替代 CCGT 的环境影响。 LCA 研究结果表明，如果使用电池代替 CCGT，可以减少高达 87% 的温室气体排放，预计减少 1.98 MtCO2eq。 2035 年可变峰值需求的最佳供应量为 29.1%。
With more and more renewable energy sources (RES) going into power grids, the balancing of supply and demand during peak times will be a growing challenge due to the inherent intermittency and unpredictable nature of RES. Grid level batteries can store energy when there is excess generation from wind and solar and discharge it to meet variable peak demand that is traditionally supplied by combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plants. This paper assesses the potential of battery storage to replace CCGT in responding to variable peak demand for current and future energy scenarios (FES) in the UK from technical and environmental perspectives. Results from technical analysis show that batteries, assuming size is optimised for different supply and demand scenarios proposed by the National Grid, are able to supply 6.04%, 13.5% and 29.1% of the total variable peak demand in 2016, 2020 and 2035, respectively while CCGT plants supply the rest of the demand. Particularly, to phase out CCGT variable generation from the UK grid in 2035, electricity supply from wind and solar needs to increase by 1.33 times their predicted supply in National Grid's FES. The environmental implications of replacing CCGT by batteries are studied and compared through a simplified life cycle assessment (LCA). Results from LCA studies show that if batteries are used in place of CCGT, it can reduce up to 87% of greenhouse gas emissions and that is an estimated 1.98 MtCO2eq. for an optimal supply, 29.1%, of variable peak demand in 2035.